How to use PHP and LLDP protocols for network device discovery communication

How to use PHP and LLDP protocols for network device discovery communication

Introduction:
As the scale of the network continues to expand, network device management becomes more and more important. Network device discovery is one of the key processes. Through network device discovery, administrators can obtain basic information about all devices in the network to provide support for device management and maintenance.
This article will introduce how to use the PHP programming language to communicate with LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) to realize the network device discovery function.

1. Introduction to LLDP
LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) is a data link layer protocol used to exchange basic information of network devices, such as device type, port number, device name, etc. LLDP is widely used in network device management. LLDP can automatically detect and discover devices in the network.

2. PHP and LLDP communication solution
In PHP, you can communicate with network devices through Socket programming. LLDP uses Ethernet frames, so we can use PHP's Socket function to establish a connection to the target device and send LLDP frames for communication.

The following is a basic sample code for LLDP communication with a network device via PHP.

<?php
// 定义目标设备的IP地址和端口号
$target_ip = "192.168.0.1";
$target_port = 5678;

// 创建一个TCP套接字
$socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP);

// 连接到目标设备
$result = socket_connect($socket, $target_ip, $target_port);

// 发送LLDP帧
lldp_send($socket);

// 关闭套接字
socket_close($socket);

// 发送LLDP帧的函数
function lldp_send($socket) {
    // 定义LLDP帧的内容
    $lldp_frame = "LLDP Frame Content";

    // 发送LLDP帧
    socket_write($socket, $lldp_frame, strlen($lldp_frame));
}
?>

In the above sample code, we first define the IP address and port number of the target device. Then, a TCP socket is created using the socket_create function and connected to the target device using the socket_connect function. Next, use the lldp_send function to send the LLDP frame. Finally, use the socket_close function to close the socket.

3. LLDP frame format
The LLDP frame mainly consists of TLV (Type-Length-Value). Commonly used TLV types include: Chassis ID, Port ID, System Name, etc. By parsing the TLV in the LLDP frame, you can obtain basic information about the network device.

The detailed format of the LLDP frame is as follows:

|          |               |                        |                       |                 |          |          |
| Ethernet | Ethernet Type | LLDP Protocol Identifier | LLDP Protocol Format | Chassis ID TLV | TLV Type | TLV Len  |
|          |               |                        |                       |                 |          |          |

In actual use, according to specific needs, different TLV types and contents of the LLDP frame can be used.

Conclusion:
Through network device discovery communication through PHP and LLDP protocols, we can obtain basic information of all network devices, thereby achieving support for network device management and maintenance. By writing customized LLDP frames, we can flexibly obtain different types of device information. I hope the content of this article can help readers better use PHP to communicate with LLDP and realize the function of network device discovery.

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