How to use XML processing functions in Go language to generate XML files and write data?

How to use XML processing functions in Go language to generate XML files and write data?

Foreword:
During the development process, we often need to store and transmit data in XML format. The Go language provides a set of convenient XML processing functions that can easily generate XML files and write data. This article will introduce how to use the XML processing function in the Go language to implement this function.

1. Import related packages
   First, we need to import related packages:

   import (
    "encoding/xml"
    "os"
   )

2. Define the data structure
   We need to define the The data structure written to the XML file. For example, we assume that the data to be written is information about a book. We can define the following data structure:

   type Book struct {
    XMLName xml.Name `xml:"book"`
    Title   string   `xml:"title"`
    Author  string   `xml:"author"`
    Price   float64  `xml:"price"`
   }

3. Generate XML file
   Next, we need to create an XML file , and write data into it. This can be achieved in the following ways:

   func main() {
    // 创建XML文件
    file, err := os.Create("book.xml")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("创建XML文件失败：", err)
        return
    }
    defer file.Close()
   
    // 创建XML编码器
    encoder := xml.NewEncoder(file)
    encoder.Indent("", "  ")
   
    // 写入XML文件头部
    err = encoder.EncodeToken(xml.ProcInst{
        Target: "xml",
        Inst:   []byte(`version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"`),
    })
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("写入XML文件头部失败：", err)
        return
    }
   
    // 写入数据
    book := Book{
        Title:  "Go语言入门",
        Author: "张三",
        Price:  59.9,
    }
    err = encoder.Encode(book)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("写入XML数据失败：", err)
        return
    }
   
    // 结束编码
    err = encoder.Flush()
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("刷新编码器失败：", err)
        return
    }
   }

4. Run the program
   After running the program, an XML file named "book.xml" will be generated in the current directory, with the following content :

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <book>
     <title>Go语言入门</title>
     <author>张三</author>
     <price>59.9</price>
   </book>

Summary:
This article introduces how to use the XML processing function in the Go language to generate XML files and write data. By defining the data structure, creating an XML file, and using an XML encoder to write data to the XML file, we can easily generate XML files and write data. I hope this article can be helpful to you when using XML processing functions to operate XML files in the Go language.

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