How to use the glob module for file pattern matching in Python 3.x

How to use the glob module for file pattern matching in Python 3.x

Introduction:
In Python file processing, it is often necessary to batch process files in a certain folder. If we need to operate on all files in a folder, we need to use file pattern matching. Python provides the glob module, which can easily handle such needs. This article will introduce the basic usage and common operations of the glob module.

1. Introduction to the glob module
The glob module is a module in the Python standard library. It is used to find file names that match a specific pattern in the file system and return the matching file names in the form of a list.

In the glob module, the most commonly used method is the glob() function. It can accept a path as argument and return a list of filenames matching the pattern. This pattern can contain wildcard characters * and ?, which represent matching any multiple characters and matching a single character respectively.

2. Basic Usage
Below we introduce the basic usage of the glob module through some examples.

(1) Search all Python files in the current folder:

import glob

python_files = glob.glob("*.py")
print (python_files)

The running result may be:

['example.py', 'main.py', 'utils.py']

(2) Find the specified All files in the folder:

import glob

all_files = glob.glob("/path/to/folder/*")
print(all_files)

The running result may be:

['file1.txt', 'folder1', 'file2.txt']

3. The use of wildcards
Wildcards can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation matching operation. Here are some common situations and usage methods.

(1) Match any number of characters:
import glob

files = glob.glob("/path/to/folder/test")
print(files)

test in this example means matching file names containing test characters.

(2) Match a single character:
import glob

files = glob.glob("/path/to/folder/?test.txt")
print(files )

?test.txt in this example means matching files that end with test.txt and have one character in front of the file name.

4. Recursive search
glob module also provides the function of recursively searching subfolders. Recursive search is possible by setting the recursive parameter to True.

import glob

all_files = glob.glob("/path/to/folder/*/.py", recursive=True)
print(all_files )

The running result may be:

['file1.py', 'subfolder/file2.py', 'folder/file3.py']

5. Summary
This article introduces the basic usage of using the glob module for file pattern matching in Python 3.x. Through the glob.glob() function, we can find matching file names based on a specific pattern and return them in the form of a list. At the same time, the wildcard characters * and ? can help us match file names more accurately. Recursive search can help us perform file matching operations in subfolders.

I hope the content of this article can help readers better understand and use the glob module and improve the efficiency and accuracy of file processing. At the same time, readers are also welcome to explore other functions and uses of this module.

The above is the detailed content of How to use the glob module for file pattern matching in Python 3.x. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!