How to use the os.path module to obtain various parts of the file path in Python 2.x

How to use the os.path module in Python 2.x to obtain various parts of the file path

In Python 2.x, we can use the os.path module to manipulate paths. This module provides various methods to easily obtain various parts of a file path such as file name, directory name, etc.

First, we need to import the os.path module:

import os.path

Next, we will use the following file path to demonstrate:

file_path = '/home/user/Documents/sample.txt'

1. Get the file name

Use the os.path.basename method to get the base name of the file. The base name is the file name that does not contain path information:

basename = os.path.basename(file_path)
print(basename)  # 输出：sample.txt

2. Get the directory name

Use the os.path.dirname method to get the file Parent directory. The upper-level directory is the directory path where the file is located:

dirname = os.path.dirname(file_path)
print(dirname)  # 输出：/home/user/Documents

3. Get the absolute path of the file

Use the os.path.abspath method to get the file Absolute path. An absolute path is the full path to the file path starting from the root directory:

abs_path = os.path.abspath(file_path)
print(abs_path)  # 输出：/home/user/Documents/sample.txt

4. Separating the filename and extension

Use the os.path.splitext method It is possible to separate the filename and extension. This method returns a tuple. The first element of the tuple is the file name, and the second element is the extension:

file_name, file_ext = os.path.splitext(file_path)
print(file_name)  # 输出：/home/user/Documents/sample
print(file_ext)  # 输出：.txt

5. Check whether the path exists

Use os.path.existsMethod can check whether the path exists. If the path exists, return True, otherwise return False:

exists = os.path.exists(file_path)
print(exists)  # 输出：True

6. Check whether the path is a file

Use the os.path.isfile method. Check if the path is a file. If the path points to a file, return True, otherwise return False:

is_file = os.path.isfile(file_path)
print(is_file)  # 输出：True

In summary, we have introduced how to use the os.path module to obtain the file path in Python 2.x various parts. Through these methods, we can easily manipulate file paths and extract the required information.

Although Python 2.x is still widely used, its maintenance cycle has ended. It is recommended to use the latest version of Python (currently Python 3.x). Fortunately, the os.path module is also available in Python 3.x and can be used in a similar way.

Code description: The above code example was tested under Python 2.7 version. If you have problems running the code under other Python2.x versions, please check your Python version and the corresponding documentation.

I hope this article is helpful to you, and happy coding!

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