PHP Comment Specification: How to use documentation comments to write API documentation

PHP Comment Specification: How to use documentation comments to write API documentation

Introduction:
When developing PHP applications, writing complete API documentation is very important for the development team and other developers. Good documentation improves code readability and maintainability, and promotes teamwork and information sharing. This article will introduce how to use documentation comments to write PHP API documentation, and provide some sample code to help readers understand how to write comments in a standardized way.

1. Comment specification
   In PHP, we use comments to explain and describe the code. Generally speaking, there are two main comment formats: single-line comments (//) and multi-line comments (/ ... /). Documentation comments are special multi-line comments used for writing API documentation.

Documentation comments start with /* and end with /. They are generally placed before a function or method definition and are used to describe the input, output, function and usage of the function or method. and other information. Document comments can use Markdown syntax to format text, making the document more readable and readable.

2. Document comment structure
   A typical document comment consists of three parts: summary, description and tags.

The summary is located in the first line of the documentation comment. It is generally a brief description of the function or method and should not exceed 80 characters in length. The summary is followed by a detailed description, which can be one or more paragraphs of text. Finally, there is the label section, which is used to mark and describe various properties and characteristics of the function or method.

The following is a sample code showing a complete documentation comment:

/**

• Get the detailed information of the specified user
  *
• Get the detailed information of the user based on the user ID, including user name, email address, registration date, etc.
  *
• @param int $userId User ID
• @return array user details
• @throws Exception Throws an exception when the user ID is invalid
  */

function getUserInfo($userId) {
// Function implementation...
}

In the above example, the summary is "Get the detailed information of the specified user" and the detailed description is "Get the detailed information of the user based on the user ID, including User name, email address, registration date, etc.", tags include @param and @return.

3. Commonly used comment tags
   The following lists some commonly used document comment tags to help write standardized API documents:

• @param: used Describe the parameters of a function or method, including parameter names and descriptions.
• @return: Used to describe the return value of a function or method, including return value type and description.
• @throws: Used to describe exceptions that may be thrown by a function or method, including exception type and description.
• @var: Used to describe the attributes of a class, including attribute type and description.
• @author: Used to describe the author's name or the name of the development team.
• @version: Used to describe the code version number.
• @see: Used to reference related documents, classes, methods or links.
• @example: Used to provide sample code to help understand how to use a function or method.

4. Sample Code
   The following is a complete sample code that shows how to use documentation comments to write canonical API documentation:

/**

• Calculate the sum of two numbers
  *
• This is a sample function to calculate the sum of two numbers.
  *
• @param int $a The first number
• @param int $b The second number
• @return int The sum of the two numbers
• @throws Exception Throws an exception when the input parameter is not a number
• @example
• $result = addNumbers(3, 5);
• echo $result; // Output 8

function addNumbers($a, $b) {
if (!is_numeric($a) || !is_numeric ($b)) {

throw new Exception('输入参数必须为数字');

}
return $a $b;
}

Conclusion:
By following the documentation comment specification, we can write a standardized API Documentation to improve code readability and maintainability. Good documentation can help development teams collaborate and communicate better, and provide convenient reference materials for other developers. Be sure to develop a good habit of writing documentation comments during development to ensure the quality and reliability of your code.

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