What are the database monitoring and performance tuning tips for learning MySQL?

What are the database monitoring and performance tuning techniques for learning MySQL?

With the development of the Internet, the importance of databases has become increasingly prominent. As one of the most popular relational database management systems, MySQL has been widely used in various application scenarios. However, as the amount of data and concurrent requests increase, database performance problems become more and more obvious. Therefore, learning MySQL database monitoring and performance tuning skills has become a necessary skill for developers and operation and maintenance personnel. This article will introduce some commonly used MySQL database monitoring and performance tuning techniques and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Database monitoring skills

1. Monitoring the number of database connections and concurrent requests
   The number of connections and concurrent requests is one of the important indicators for evaluating database performance. You can use the following code example to monitor the number of database connections and concurrent requests.

-- 查看当前连接数
SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Threads_connected';

-- 查看当前并发请求数
SHOW STATUS LIKE 'Threads_running';

2. Monitoring the response time of the database
   Monitoring the response time of the database can help us discover potential performance problems in time. You can monitor the response time of your database with the following code example.

-- 查看查询的执行时间
SET profiling = 1;
-- 查询语句
SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE conditions;
-- 查看查询的执行时间
SHOW profiles;

3. Monitor slow queries of the database
   Slow queries refer to query statements that take a long time to execute. You can monitor your database for slow queries with the following code example.

-- 开启慢查询日志
SET GLOBAL slow_query_log = 1;
-- 慢查询时间阈值（单位：s）
SET GLOBAL long_query_time = 1;
-- 慢查询日志文件路径
SET GLOBAL slow_query_log_file = '/path/to/slowquery.log';

2. Database performance tuning skills

1. Optimizing query statements
   The query performance of the database can be improved by optimizing query statements. Here are some common tips for optimizing queries.

• Use indexes: Creating appropriate indexes for frequently queried fields can improve query efficiency.
• Avoid full table scan: Try to avoid using conditional queries without indexes to avoid triggering full table scan.
• Limit return fields: Only return the required fields to avoid querying additional field data.

2. Adjust database parameters
   The performance of the database can be improved by adjusting the parameters of the database. Here are some common tips for tuning database parameters.

• Adjust buffer parameters: increasing the size of the buffer can reduce the number of disk reads and writes and improve performance.
• Adjust concurrency parameters: According to the actual situation of the database, appropriately adjust the number of concurrent connections and thread pool size.
• Adjust log parameters: Properly configure log parameters to avoid the impact of log writing on performance.

3. Split tables and split databases
   When the amount of data in the database table is too large, you can consider splitting tables and splitting databases to improve database performance. The following are some common techniques for splitting tables and databases.

• Horizontal table splitting: Split a large table according to a certain field, so that the amount of data in each small table becomes smaller and the query efficiency is improved.
• Vertical table splitting: Split a large table according to field types, and store frequently accessed fields and infrequently accessed fields separately.
• Sub-database: Store data in multiple databases to reduce the load pressure on a single database.

In summary, learning MySQL database monitoring and performance tuning skills is crucial to ensuring the high-performance operation of the database. Through reasonable database monitoring and performance tuning, database performance problems can be discovered and solved in a timely manner, and the overall performance and stability of the system can be improved. Through some common techniques and code examples mentioned in this article, I believe readers can better master the monitoring and performance tuning of MySQL databases.

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