How to use Nginx to implement domain name-based virtual host configuration

How to use Nginx to implement domain name-based virtual host configuration

Overview:
In a Web server, a virtual host refers to a Web website that runs multiple hosted domain names on a physical server. By using virtual host configuration, multiple domain names can share the same server, and each domain name can have independent configuration and content. Nginx is an open source high-performance web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy server and load balancer. This article will introduce how to use Nginx to implement domain name-based virtual host configuration.

Steps:

1. Install Nginx:
   First, Nginx needs to be installed on the server. For specific installation methods, please refer to Nginx official documentation or the guides of each operating system.
2. Create the configuration file corresponding to the domain name:
   In the Nginx configuration folder, usually /etc/nginx/, you can create a separate configuration file for each domain name. Using a text editor, create a configuration file named after the domain name, such as example.com.conf.
3. Configure virtual host:
   In the created configuration file, configure the relevant information of the virtual host. The following is an example configuration:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;
    root /path/to/website;
    index index.html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

In the above configuration, listen specifies the port number that the server listens to (80 is the default port for HTTP), server_name specifies the domain name, root specifies the root directory of the website, and index specifies the default index file. The location part is used to handle the logic of URL requests. The configuration in the example is to simply try to find the file and return a 404 error if it is not found.

4. Activate virtual host configuration:
   Introduce the created configuration file into Nginx’s main configuration file (usually /etc/nginx/nginx.conf). Open the nginx.conf file, find the http section, and add the following content to it:

include /etc/nginx/*.conf;

The above configuration will cause Nginx to load all configuration files with the .conf suffix in the /etc/nginx directory. .

5. Restart the Nginx service:
   After completing the configuration, you need to restart the Nginx service to make the configuration take effect. You can use the following command to restart Nginx:

sudo service nginx restart

6. Test the configuration:
   Test whether the configuration takes effect by accessing your domain name. Enter http://example.com into your browser and confirm that the correct content is displayed.
7. Configure other domain names:
   If you have multiple domain names that need to be configured, you can repeat the above steps. Each domain should have a separate configuration file and listen on a different port, or use an SSL certificate for HTTPS configuration.

Summary:
Through the above steps, you can successfully use Nginx to implement domain name-based virtual host configuration. Web hosting configuration can help you host multiple domain names on a single server and provide independent configuration and content. As a high-performance web server, Nginx is an ideal choice for building a virtual host. I hope this article will help you understand how to configure Nginx virtual host.

Reference code:
The following is an example of the Nginx configuration file:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;
    root /path/to/website;
    index index.html;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

Save the above code as the example.com.conf file and introduce it into the main configuration file of Nginx.

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