How to use Go language for code modularization practice

How to use Go language for code modularization practice

Introduction:
In software development, code modularization is a common development methodology. By dividing the code into reusable modules, you can Improve code maintainability, testability and reusability. This article will introduce how to use Go language to practice code modularization and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Advantages of modularization

1. Improve code maintainability: Modularization divides the code into independent functional modules, each module is responsible for specific tasks, making the code clearer and easy to modify.
2. Improve code testability: Independent modules can make unit testing easier, reducing testing difficulty and workload.
3. Improve code reusability: Modularized code can be easily referenced and reused by other projects.

2. Code modularization in Go language
The Go language itself supports modular development and provides some key mechanisms to achieve code reusability and organizational structure.

1. Package (package)
   The package in Go language is the basic unit of code modularization. A package consists of a set of related Go source files that together provide a related set of functionality. Each package has an individual name that can be referenced in other code.

The following is the directory structure and code example of a package:

└── mypackage
    ├── main.go
    ├── module1.go
    └── module2.go

In the module1.go file, a file named Module1# is defined ##'s structure and an externally accessible method Module1Func:

package mypackage

type Module1 struct {
    // ...
}

func (m *Module1) Module1Func() {
    // ...
}

In the

module2.go file, a file named Module2# is defined ##'s structure and an externally accessible method Module2Func: <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>package mypackage type Module2 struct { // ... } func (m *Module2) Module2Func() { // ... }</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div>In the

main.go

file, you can reference and use mypackageModules in the package: <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>package main import ( &quot;fmt&quot; &quot;mypackage&quot; ) func main() { module1 := &amp;mypackage.Module1{} module1.Module1Func() module2 := &amp;mypackage.Module2{} module2.Module2Func() }</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div>

Visibility(visibility)

In the Go language, naming conventions are used to determine whether identifiers (variables, functions, structures, etc.) in the package can be External code access.
2. 
   
Identifiers starting with an uppercase letter are visible to the public, while identifiers starting with other lowercase letters are private. This naming convention ensures package encapsulation, and only identifiers that need to be exposed to external code will be exported.

In the above example,

Module1

and Module2 are externally visible identifiers that can be referenced and used in other code. The Module1Func and Module2Func are private and can only be used inside the mypackage package. 3. Modularization practice example

The following is a simple example to demonstrate how to use Go language for code modularization.

Suppose we need to develop a calculator program that contains two functional modules: addition and subtraction.

Create package directory and files

First, create a package directory named
1. calculator
   , and create addition.go and subtraction.goTwo source files.
Writing the addition module
2. In the

   addition.go
   file, define a structure Addition and an externally accessible structure used to implement the addition function Addition methodAdd:<div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>package calculator type Addition struct { // ... } func (a *Addition) Add(x, y int) int { return x + y }</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div>

Writing subtraction module
3. In the

   subtraction.go
   file, define a subtraction function The structureSubtraction and an externally accessible subtraction methodSubtract:<div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>package calculator type Subtraction struct { // ... } func (s *Subtraction) Subtract(x, y int) int { return x - y }</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div>

Refer to and use the module in the main program
4. In

   main.go
   , you can reference and use the module in the calculator package: <div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class='brush:php;toolbar:false;'>package main import ( &quot;calculator&quot; &quot;fmt&quot; ) func main() { adder := &amp;calculator.Addition{} result := adder.Add(5, 3) fmt.Println(&quot;Addition:&quot;, result) subtracter := &amp;calculator.Subtraction{} result = subtracter.Subtract(5, 3) fmt.Println(&quot;Subtraction:&quot;, result) }</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div>

Run the above example code, the output will be as follows Result:

Addition: 8
Subtraction: 2

Conclusion:

Through the package and visibility mechanism of the Go language, we can easily modularize the code and encapsulate and share data and functions between multiple functional modules. This helps improve code maintainability, testability, and reusability. At the same time, reasonable module division can make the code clearer and easier to read. I believe that by studying the content and examples of this article, you will be able to better use the Go language to practice code modularization.

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