How to use Nginx to implement HTTP/2 protocol support

How to use Nginx to implement HTTP/2 protocol support

Overview:
HTTP/2 is a new generation of HTTP protocol. Compared with the previous HTTP/1.x protocol, it has better performance and The efficiency has been greatly improved. In order to support the HTTP/2 protocol, we can use Nginx as the HTTP server and configure the corresponding settings.

Installing and configuring Nginx:
First, we need to install Nginx. It can be installed in the Ubuntu system through the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

After the installation is complete, we need to configure Nginx to support the HTTP/2 protocol. Open the Nginx configuration file, which can be found at the following location:

sudo nano /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Find the listen directive in the server block and add http2 as a parameter, as shown below:

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    ...
}

Note, this assumes that your website uses an SSL certificate and uses the default port 443. If your website does not have SSL enabled or uses a different port, please adjust the configuration accordingly.

After saving and closing the file, restart Nginx for the changes to take effect:

sudo systemctl restart nginx

Configure the SSL certificate:
In order to use the HTTP/2 protocol, we need to configure the SSL certificate. In this example we will use a self-signed certificate. In a production environment, a certificate signed by a trusted certification authority should be used.

First, create a directory for storing SSL certificates:

sudo mkdir /etc/nginx/ssl

Then, generate a private key and certificate request:

sudo openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key -out /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.csr

Follow the prompts to fill in the relevant information, such as Country code, organization name, etc.

Next, the self-signed certificate:

sudo openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.csr -signkey /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key -out /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt

Configure Nginx to use an SSL certificate. Open the Nginx configuration file and find the following line:

server {
    ...
    # SSL configuration
    #
    # listen 443 ssl default_server;
    # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
    ...
}

Uncomment the listen directive and add the path to the SSL certificate and the path to the private key:

server {
    ...
    # SSL configuration
    #
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;
    ...
}

Save and After closing the file, restart Nginx for the changes to take effect.

Test HTTP/2 protocol support:
To verify whether the HTTP/2 protocol is successfully enabled, please open a browser and visit your website. In the browser's developer tools, look at the Network tab and you can see that the requested protocol is HTTP/2.

Code example:
The following is a simple Nginx configuration example that includes support for the HTTP/2 protocol:

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name example.com;

    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;

    location / {
        root /var/www/html;
        index index.html;
    }
}

Conclusion:
Support HTTP/2 by using Nginx configuration 2 protocol, we are able to improve the performance and efficiency of our website. By following the steps in this article, you can easily implement support for the HTTP/2 protocol on your website.

The above is an introduction and sample code on how to use Nginx to implement HTTP/2 protocol support. I hope it will be helpful to you!

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