Workerman development practice sharing: achieving high stability of real-time chat system

Workerman Development Practice Sharing: Realizing High Stability Instant Chat System

Introduction:
Instant chat system is a very important part of today's Internet applications, which allows users to communicate and share information in real time. However, in order to achieve a highly stable instant chat system, developers need to consider issues such as network latency, concurrent connection management, and system reliability. This article will introduce the use of Workerman framework to develop a highly stable instant chat system and provide corresponding code examples.

1. System Architecture Design
   When we consider developing a highly stable instant chat system, the system architecture design is very important. The following is a simple architecture design example:

• Client: Access the system through a browser or mobile device.
• Server: handles user connection requests, maintains online user lists, and performs message forwarding and other operations.
• Database: Stores users’ chat records, user information, etc.

2. Using Workerman framework
   Workerman is a high-performance PHP development framework. It uses a non-blocking I/O model, can handle a large number of concurrent connections, and provides some convenient functions. and classes to develop web applications. The following is a sample code for developing an instant chat system using the Workerman framework:

<?php
require_once './Workerman/Autoloader.php';

use WorkermanWorker;
use WorkermanLibTimer;

$worker = new Worker("websocket://0.0.0.0:8000");

$worker->count = 4;

$worker->onWorkerStart = function($worker) {
    Timer::add(1, function() use($worker) {
        $connections = $worker->connections;
        foreach($connections as $connection) {
            $connection->send(time());
        }
    });
};

$worker->onMessage = function($connection, $data) {
    // 处理客户端发送的消息
};

Worker::runAll();

The above sample code uses Workerman's Worker class and Timer class. The Worker class represents a Worker process and sends messages to the client regularly through the onWorkerStart callback function. The Timer class is used to set the timer and send the current time to all connected clients every second.

3. Concurrent connection management
   Concurrent connection management is a very important issue in an instant chat system. In the case of high concurrency, the system needs to be able to handle multiple connection requests at the same time and ensure the stability of the connection. The Workerman framework implements multi-processing by setting the Worker's count attribute and handles multiple connection requests concurrently. The following is a sample code snippet that shows how to handle connection requests and manage the online user list:

$worker = new Worker("websocket://0.0.0.0:8000");

// 用户列表
$users = [];

$worker->onConnect = function($connection) use(&$users) {
    // 新建连接，添加到在线用户列表
    $users[$connection->id] = $connection;
};

$worker->onClose = function($connection) use(&$users) {
    // 连接关闭，从在线用户列表移除
    unset($users[$connection->id]);
};

$worker->onMessage = function($connection, $data) use(&$users) {
    // 处理客户端发送的消息
    foreach($users as $user) {
        $user->send($data);
    }
};

In the above code, by defining the onConnect and onClose callback functions, we can handle new connections and connections when they are closed. to add or remove connections to or from the list of online users. After receiving the message sent by the client, you can traverse the list of online users and send the message to each user.

4. System Reliability Processing
   In order to ensure the stability of the instant chat system, we need to handle various abnormal situations, such as network delays, connection losses, etc. The Workerman framework provides corresponding functions and classes to handle these problems. The following is a simple code example:

$worker->onError = function($connection, $code, $msg) {
    // 错误处理
};

$worker->onClose = function($connection) use(&$users) {
    // 连接关闭，从在线用户列表移除
    unset($users[$connection->id]);
};

In the above example code, we handle errors such as connection loss, connection timeout, etc. by defining the onError callback function.

Conclusion:
This article introduces the practical experience of using the Workerman framework to develop a highly stable instant chat system. Through appropriate system architecture design and using the functions and classes provided by Workerman, we can implement a highly stable instant chat system that can handle concurrent connections, manage online user lists, handle exceptions, etc. I hope this article will be helpful to developers of instant chat systems.

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