Control code complexity: How to standardize conditional judgment through PHP code specifications

Controlling code complexity: How to judge conditions through PHP code specifications

Introduction:
When writing code, an important goal is to keep the code readable Readability and maintainability, and conditionals are one of the most common parts of code. Reasonable specification and optimized condition judgment can reduce the complexity of the code and improve the readability and maintainability of the code. This article will introduce some best practices for PHP code specification to help you better standardize conditional judgments and reduce code complexity.

1. Use explicit Boolean values
   In conditional judgments, using explicit Boolean values ​​will make the code more readable. For example, use the condition directly as a boolean value instead of comparing the variable to true or false. Here is an example:

// 不推荐
if ($loggedIn == true) {
    // do something
}

// 推荐
if ($loggedIn) {
    // do something
}

2. Extract complex conditional judgments into named variables
   If the conditional judgment is too complex, you can extract it into a meaningful named variable to improve Code readability. For example, suppose we have a complex condition that determines whether the user is of age:

// 不推荐
if ($age >= 18 && $country == 'USA' && $state == 'California' || $state == 'New York') {
    // do something
}

// 推荐
$isAdultInLegalState = ($age >= 18 && $country == 'USA' && ($state == 'California' || $state == 'New York'));

if ($isAdultInLegalState) {
    // do something
}

By extracting complex conditions into named variables, we can express the intent of the code more clearly.

3. Avoid deeply nested conditional judgments
   Deeply nested conditional judgments will increase the complexity of the code and reduce the readability of the code. To avoid this situation, we can use early return or logical operators "&&" and "||" to simplify conditional judgment. Here is an example:

// 不推荐
if ($loggedIn) {
    if ($isAdmin) {
        // do something
    } else {
        // do something else
    }
} else {
    // do something else
}

// 推荐
if (!$loggedIn) {
    // do something else
    return;
}

if ($isAdmin) {
    // do something
} else {
    // do something else
}

By returning early or logical operators, we can reduce the level of nesting and make the code more readable and understandable.

4. Use appropriate comparison operators
   In conditional judgment, using appropriate comparison operators can reduce the complexity of the code. For example, using the strict equality (===) operator instead of the loose equality (==) operator can avoid some weird type conversion problems. Here is an example:

// 不推荐
if ($userRole == 1) {
    // do something
}

// 推荐
if ($userRole === 1) {
    // do something
}

Using appropriate comparison operators can make your code more robust and avoid potential errors.

Conclusion:
By reasonably standardizing conditional judgments, we can reduce the complexity of the code and improve the readability and maintainability of the code. This article introduces some best practices for PHP coding standards, including using explicit Boolean values, extracting complex conditional judgments into named variables, avoiding deeply nested conditional judgments, and using appropriate comparison operators. I hope this article can help you better standardize conditional judgment and improve code quality.

Reference:

• PHP-FIG, PSR-12: Extended Coding Style Guide, https://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-12/
• PHP Manual, Comparison Operators, https://www.php.net/manual/en/language.operators.comparison.php

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