How to use reverse proxy to reduce the load of high concurrent requests in PHP

How to use reverse proxy to reduce the load of high concurrent requests in PHP

In today's Internet applications, high concurrent requests are a common challenge. Handling a large number of concurrent requests in a PHP application can put a lot of pressure on the server, leading to performance degradation or service crashes. In order to solve this problem, we can use a reverse proxy to balance the load and improve the performance and stability of the server. This article will introduce how to use a reverse proxy to reduce the load of high concurrent requests in PHP and provide some code examples.

1. What is a reverse proxy

Reverse proxy refers to forwarding the client's request to the internal server, and then returning the server's response to the client. Contrary to forward proxy, forward proxy is a proxy server that requests data from the target server on behalf of the client and then returns the data to the client.

The advantage of using a reverse proxy is that it can hide the real IP address of the internal server and improve security; at the same time, the reverse proxy can distribute requests to multiple servers according to the load balancing algorithm, thereby improving the overall system Performance and availability.

2. Nginx as a reverse proxy server

Nginx is a lightweight, high-performance web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy server. Below we use a case to demonstrate how to use Nginx as a reverse proxy server to reduce the load of PHP's high concurrent requests.

1. Install Nginx

First, we need to install Nginx on the server. Taking Ubuntu as an example, use the following command to install:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

2. Configure Nginx reverse proxy

Add the following content to the Nginx configuration file/etc/ nginx/sites-enabled/default:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://php_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    }
}

upstream php_server {
    server 127.0.0.1:8000;
}

In the above configuration, example.com is your domain name, http://php_server is your The address of the PHP application server. 127.0.0.1:8000 is the address and port of the PHP application server in the example. You need to modify it according to the actual situation.

3. Restart the Nginx service

After completing the configuration, use the following command to restart the Nginx service:

sudo service nginx restart

3. Use PHP-FPM to process PHP requests

PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is a FastCGI process manager for PHP, used to process PHP requests. By using PHP-FPM, you can improve PHP's performance and the number of concurrent requests.

1. Install PHP-FPM

On Ubuntu, install PHP-FPM using the following command:

sudo apt-get install php-fpm

2. Configure PHP-FPM

Edit the PHP-FPM configuration file/etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf and find the following lines of code:

listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

Comment out listen = /run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock, uncomment listen = 127.0.0.1:9000, and change the IP address and port of this line of code Change it to the actual value, for example listen = 127.0.0.1:8000.

3. Restart the PHP-FPM service

After completing the configuration, use the following command to restart the PHP-FPM service:

sudo service php7.4-fpm restart

4. Example demonstration

In our example, we assume a simple PHP application that handles user registration requests.

<?php
// 处理用户注册
function handleRegisterRequest($username, $password) {
    // ... 处理逻辑
}

// 入口函数
function main() {
    if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
        // 获取并验证用户提交的数据
        $username = $_POST['username'];
        $password = $_POST['password'];
        // 处理注册请求
        handleRegisterRequest($username, $password);
    }
}

main();
?>

In the above example, we used a handleRegisterRequest function to handle the user's registration request. In the main function, we first obtain the data submitted by the user through $_POST, and then call handleRegisterRequest for processing.

By configuring Nginx as a reverse proxy server and using PHP-FPM to handle PHP requests, we can improve the performance and availability of the system and effectively reduce the load of high concurrent PHP requests. Through reasonable configuration and optimization, we can better cope with heavy traffic access and provide a better user experience.

Summary

This article introduces how to use reverse proxy to reduce the load of high concurrent requests in PHP. By using Nginx as a reverse proxy server and cooperating with PHP-FPM to handle PHP requests, we can effectively improve the performance and availability of the system. At the same time, we provide corresponding code examples to help readers better understand and practice. Hope this article helps you!

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