Database reading and writing optimization skills in PHP high concurrency processing

Database reading and writing optimization skills in PHP high concurrency processing

With the rapid development of the Internet, the growth of website visits has become higher and higher. In today's Internet applications, high concurrency processing has become a problem that cannot be ignored. In PHP development, database read and write operations are one of the performance bottlenecks. Therefore, in high-concurrency scenarios, it is very important to optimize database read and write operations.

The following will introduce some database reading and writing optimization techniques in PHP high concurrency processing, and give corresponding code examples.

1. Using connection pool technology

Connecting to the database will consume a certain amount of resources and time, and connection pool technology can reduce the cost of repeatedly connecting to the database. The connection pool creates a certain number of database connections and stores them in memory. Every time a database operation is required, an available connection is obtained from the connection pool and data is read and written. This can reduce the time to connect to the database and improve system performance.

Code sample:

// 初始化连接池
$dbPool = new SplQueue();
for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
    $conn = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "database");
    if ($conn->connect_error) {
        die("连接数据库失败：".$conn->connect_error);
    } else {
        $dbPool->enqueue($conn);
    }
}

// 从连接池中获取连接
$conn = $dbPool->dequeue();

// 执行数据库操作
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
$result = $conn->query($sql);

// 将连接放回连接池
$dbPool->enqueue($conn);

2. Using database connection persistence

The establishment and disconnection of database connections is also a resource-consuming operation. In high-concurrency scenarios, frequent establishment and disconnection of connections will lead to reduced database performance. Therefore, using database connection persistence technology can avoid frequent connection establishment and disconnection and improve the efficiency of database read and write operations.

Code sample:

// 开启数据库连接持久化
$mysqli = new mysqli('p:localhost', 'username', 'password', 'database');

// 执行数据库操作
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
$result = $mysqli->query($sql);

3. Database master-slave replication

Database master-slave replication is a commonly used optimization technology that writes operations to the database Concentrate on the master database, and then copy the data to the slave database to realize the separation of reading and writing of the database. Reduce the load pressure on the main database through read-write separation, thereby improving the performance of the entire system.

Code sample:

// 主数据库连接
$masterConn = new mysqli("localhost", "master_username", "master_password", "database");

// 从数据库连接
$slaveConn = new mysqli("localhost", "slave_username", "slave_password", "database");

// 执行数据库写入操作
$sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES ('John', 18)";
$masterConn->query($sql);

// 执行数据库读取操作
$sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
$result = $slaveConn->query($sql);

4. Using caching mechanism

Reading the database is a resource-consuming operation, and in many cases, the data in the database It doesn't change often. Therefore, using the caching mechanism can avoid frequent access to the database and improve the response speed and performance of the system.

Code examples:

// 从缓存中读取数据
$cacheKey = 'user_list';
if ($cache->exists($cacheKey)) {
    $userList = $cache->get($cacheKey);
} else {
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
    $result = $conn->query($sql);
    $userList = $result->fetch_all(MYSQLI_ASSOC);
  
    // 将数据放入缓存
    $cache->set($cacheKey, $userList);
}

The above are some database read and write optimization techniques and related code examples in PHP high concurrency processing. By using connection pool technology, database connection persistence, database master-slave replication, and caching mechanisms, the performance and response speed of the system can be effectively improved to adapt to the needs of high-concurrency scenarios. In the actual development process, these optimization techniques can be flexibly applied according to specific situations to achieve better performance optimization effects.

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