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php empty,isset,is_null判断比较(差异与异同)_PHP

Jun 01, 2016 pm 12:17 PM
empty isset is_null

一、举例说明
A.一个变量没有定义,我们该怎么样去判断呢
复制代码 代码如下:
#不存在$test 变量

$isset= isset($test)?"test is define!":"test is undefine!";
echo "isset:$isset\r\n";

$empty=!empty($test)?"test is define!":"test is undefine!";
echo "empty:$empty\r\n";

$is_null=is_null($test)?"test is define!":"test is undefine!";
echo "is_null:$is_null\r\n";

测试结果是:
php empty,isset,is_null判断比较(差异与异同)_PHP

结果出来了:empty,isset首先都会检查变量是否存在,然后对变量值进行检测。而is_null 只是直接检查变量值,是否为null,因此如果变量未定义就会出现错误!

B、看下各自接收的参数是什么?

isset函数参数:

$test=100;
echo isset($test),isset(100),$isset($b=100);

 



Parse error:  parse error, unexpected T_LNUMBER, expecting T_STRING or T_VARIABLE or '$' in PHPDocument3 on line 3

empty函数参数:

$test=100;

echo empty($test),empty(100),empty($b=100);

 



Parse error:  parse error, unexpected T_LNUMBER, expecting T_STRING or T_VARIABLE or '$' in PHPDocument3 on line 3

is_null函数参数:

$test=100;

echo is_null($test),is_null(100),is_null($b=100);

运行结果:没有任何错误。

比较结果出来了:empty,isset输入参数必须是一个变量(php变量是以$字符开头的),而is_null输入参数只要是能够有返回值就可以。(常量,变量,表达式等)。在php手册里面,对于他们解析是:empty,isset 是一个语言结构而非函数,因此它无法被变量函数调用。

二、概括总结isset,empty,is_null区别:
刚才介绍的:检查变量,以及参数类型,这个是这3个函数不同之处的基础,也是最容易被忽视的。看到网上有很多对这个3个函数进行比较文章。很少涉及这些。下面我要说的,是在都检查已存在变量情况下,不同之处。

实例:

复制代码 代码如下:
$a=100;
$b="";
$c=null;
//isset检查
echo "isset","\$a=$a",isset($a)?"define":"undefine","\r\n";
echo "isset","\$b=$b",isset($b)?"define":"undefine","\r\n";
echo "isset","\$c=$c",isset($c)?"define":"undefine","\r\n";
unset($b);
echo "isset","\$b",isset($b)?"define":"undefine","\r\n";
$b=0;
echo "\r\n\r\n";

//empty检查
echo "empty","\$a=$a",!empty($a)?"no empty":"empty","\r\n";
echo "empty","\$b=$b",!empty($b)?"no empty":"empty","\r\n";
echo "empty","\$c=$c",!empty($c)?"no empty":"empty","\r\n";
unset($b);
echo "empty","\$b",!empty($b)?"no empty":"empty","\r\n";
$b=0;
echo "\r\n\r\n";

//is_null检查
echo "is_null","\$a=$a",!is_null($a)?"no null":"null","\r\n";
echo "is_null","\$b=$b",!is_null($b)?"no null":"null","\r\n";
echo "is_null","\$c=$c",!is_null($c)?"no null":"null","\r\n";
unset($b);
echo "is_null","\$b",is_null($b)?"no null":"null","\r\n";

php empty,isset,is_null判断比较(差异与异同)_PHP
通过上面这个简单测试,我们可以大体知道,当一个变量存在情况下:isset,empty,is_null检测,得到值情况了。上面没有举例更多变量。其实测试发现:

empty

如果 变量 是非空或非零的值,则 empty() 返回 FALSE。换句话说,""、0、"0"、NULL、FALSE、array()、var $var、未定义; 以及没有任何属性的对象都将被认为是空的,如果 var 为空,则返回 TRUE。

isset

如果 变量 存在(非NULL)则返回 TRUE,否则返回 FALSE(包括未定义)。变量值设置为:null,返回也是false;unset一个变量后,变量被取消了。注意,isset对于NULL值变量,特殊处理。

is_null

检测传入值【值,变量,表达式】是否是null,只有一个变量定义了,且它的值是null,它才返回TRUE . 其它都返回 FALSE 【未定义变量传入后会出错!】.


疑问:怎么样判断一个变量被设置了,并且值为NULL呢?

通过上面比较,估计大家与我一样,会有这个问题浮现在脑海里面。 检测一个变量是否是null 可以用:is_null,但如果变量未定义用它检测会出错。因此,我们想到,检测变量是否定义可以用:isset,但是如果一个变量值是:null, 则它会返回false . 哈哈,这个问题怎么样解决呢?等待大家分享……

检查变量存在,并且值为NULL.
复制代码 代码如下:
function checkNull($a)
{
if(array_key_exists($a,$GLOBALS))
{
global $$a;
if(is_null($$a))
return true;
}
return false;
}
$test=null;
var_dump(checkNull("test"));
var_dump(checkNull("test1"));
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