How to use email verification in PHP to enhance the security of login registration?

How to use email verification in PHP to enhance the security of login registration?

With the development of the Internet, the login and registration function has become an indispensable part of websites and applications. However, users are usually required to provide some personal information when registering, making the registration process vulnerable to malicious attacks. To solve this problem, many websites and applications use email verification to enhance the security of login registration. This article will introduce how to use email authentication in PHP to protect user accounts.

1. Basic principle of email verification

The basic principle of email verification is to send a verification email to the email address provided by the user after registration. The verification email contains a unique link that users click to confirm the validity of their email address. Until the user clicks on the link, the user's account will be marked as inactive, thereby limiting their ability to log in.

2. Program flow

First, we need to create a database table to store user information. This table should contain fields such as the user's email, password, status, and verification code. Among them, the status field is used to mark whether the user account has been activated, and the verification code field is used to save the generated verification link.

The sample code is as follows:

CREATE TABLE `users` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `email` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `status` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `verification_code` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

Next, we need to create the registration page. The user fills in information such as email and password on the registration page, and clicks the registration button. After clicking the registration button, we need to perform the following operations:

• Generate a unique verification code and save it to the database.
• Send a verification email to the email address provided by the user, containing a verification link.
• Save the user's email, password, status, verification code and other information into the database.

The sample code is as follows:

<?php
// 生成随机验证码
$verificationCode = uniqid();

// 将邮箱、密码、验证码等信息保存到数据库
$query = "INSERT INTO users (email, password, verification_code) VALUES ('$email', '$password', '$verificationCode')";
// 执行查询操作
$result = mysqli_query($conn, $query);

// 发送验证邮件
$to = $email;
$subject = "账号激活邮件";
$message = "请点击以下链接激活您的账号：

";
$message .= "http://example.com/activate.php?code=".$verificationCode;
$headers = "From: no-reply@example.com";
mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers);
?>

After the user successfully registers, we need to create an activation page. Users click on the link in the verification email to jump to the activation page. In the activation page, we need to verify the verification code provided by the user. If the verification code is valid, set the user's status to activated and allow them to log in.

The sample code is as follows:

<?php
if(isset($_GET['code'])) {
  // 获取URL中的验证码
  $verificationCode = $_GET['code'];

  // 验证验证码
  $query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE verification_code = '$verificationCode'";
  // 执行查询操作
  $result = mysqli_query($conn, $query);

  if(mysqli_num_rows($result) > 0) {
    // 更新用户状态为已激活
    $query = "UPDATE users SET status = 1 WHERE verification_code = '$verificationCode'";
    // 执行更新操作
    mysqli_query($conn, $query);
    echo "账号已激活，您可以登录了！";
  } else {
    echo "无效的验证码！";
  }
}
?>

The above is the basic process of how to use email verification in PHP to enhance the security of login registration. By using email verification, we can ensure that the email address provided by the user is valid and that the account was created by a real user. In this way, the security of login and registration can be greatly improved and malicious attacks can be avoided. Of course, in actual development, we also need to further consider issues such as the validity period of the verification code and the processing logic after the user clicks the link to further improve security.

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