How to create a custom range slider using CSS and JavaScript?-CSS Tutorial-php.cn

如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 创建自定义范围滑块？

Range Slider is an input field in HTML that accepts the 'range' type. It is used to select values within a specific range given, we can pass the range within the input field as shown in the following code snippet

<input type = “range” min = “0” max = “100”/>

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As you can see in the above snippet, the type is equal to the range and we provide min="0" and max="100" values which will be the fields range.

Custom range slider helps customize the field range as per your needs.

In the following article, let us learn how to create a custom range slider using CSS and JavaScript.

Let’s create separate files for each language -

Use oninput() event

The oninput event is an HTML event used to perform an action immediately when the user enters a value in an input field. Here is the code snippet that uses this event -

<input type = ‘’ oninput = ‘event name()’>

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The following is an explanation of the code below -

HTML file(index.html)

This is an HTML file and must be saved with the .html extension. In this file we will create an input range field which will be our custom range slider and inside the input field we will set the range. And create a span tag to display the custom range slider value.

The following is the HTML code

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
   <title>Custom range Sliders</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>Custom Range Sliders with HTML, CSS and JavaScript</h1>
   <div class="sliders">
      <p>Custom Range Slider: </p>
      <input type="range" min = "1" max = "100" oninput="Range()" id = 'slider' title = 'range'><br>
      <span id = 'res'></span>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

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CSS file (style.css)

This is a CSS file created with the .css extension. Using CSS, we will manage the styling of our HTML pages.

The following is a code snippet that connects CSS files and HTML files -

<link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">

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The following is the CSS code -

style.css

span{
   position: relative;
   top: 20px;
   left: 20px;
   font-size: 30px;
   font-weight: 700;
}

p{
   position: relative;
   left: 10px;
   font-size: 20px;
}

input[type='range']
{
   -webkit-appearance: none;
   width: 400px;
   height: 30px;
   background-color: black;
   border-radius: 60px;
}

#slider::-webkit-slider-thumb{
   -webkit-appearance: none;
   width: 50px;
   height: 50px;
   border-radius: 40px;
   appearance: none;
   cursor: pointer;
   background-color: blue;
}

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JavaScript file (index.js)

This is a JavaScript file that must be saved with a .js extension. In JavaScript, we will write a program to get the input range value and display it to the user using the innerHTML attribute.

The following is a code snippet that connects a JavaScript file to an HTML file -

<script src = ‘index.html’>

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NOTE - Instead of creating three separate files for HTML, CCS and JavaScript you can create just one HTML file with .html extension, and write CSS code in the tag above the body tag, and write JavaScript code in the <script></script> tag at the end of the body tag or within the head tag. < /p>

The following is the JavaScript program

index.js

 function Range() {
   //fetch the input range value through its id
   let range_value = document.getElementById('slider');
   //fetch the span tag through its id
   let result = document.getElementById('res');
   //show the value using innerHTML property
   res.innerHTML = "Range value is: " + range_value.value;
}

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Example

Execute the above HTML, CSS and JavaScript.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
   <title>Custom range Sliders</title>
   <style>
      span{
         position: relative;
         top: 20px;
         left: 20px;
         font-size: 30px;
         font-weight: 700;
      }

      p{
         position: relative;
         left: 10px;
         font-size: 20px;
      }

      input[type='range']
      {
         -webkit-appearance: none;
         width: 400px;
         height: 30px;
         background-color: black;
         border-radius: 60px;
      }

      #slider::-webkit-slider-thumb{
         -webkit-appearance: none;
         width: 50px;
         height: 50px;
         border-radius: 40px;
         appearance: none;
         cursor: pointer;
         background-color: blue;
      }
   </style>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>Custom Range Sliders with HTML, CSS and JavaScript</h1>
   <script>
      function Range()
      {
         //fetch the input range value through its id
         let range_value = document.getElementById('slider');
         //fetch the span tag through its id
         let result = document.getElementById('res');
         //show the value using innerHTML property
         res.innerHTML = "Range value is: " + range_value.value;
      }
   </script>
   <div class="sliders">
      <p>Custom Range Slider: </p>
      <input type="range" min = "1" max = "100" oninput="Range()" id = 'slider' title = 'range'><br>
      <span id = 'res'></span>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

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As you can see in the program above, we use HTML, CSS, and JavaScript to create a custom range slider.

Using HTML, we create the content of the page. We first create an input field that accepts a range as type and pass a minimum value equal to 1 and a maximum value equal to 100 inside the input field as shown below -

<input type = ‘range’ min = ‘1’ max = ‘100’ oninput = ‘eventname()’>

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Later, we create an oninput event as shown in the above code snippet, the oninput event is used to calculate the value when the user enters a value in the input field. Then we get the input range value by its id as shown below -

let range_value = document.getElementById('slider');

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We get the span tag and through the innerHTML attribute, we display the range slider value as shown below -

res.innerHTML = "Range value is: " + range_value.value;

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Use onclick() event

onclick() event is an HTML event that is used to perform an action when the user clicks a specific button. The following is a code snippet using the onclick event

<button onclick = ‘event_name()’>

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The following is the procedure to create a custom range slider

The following is the HTML code

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
   <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
   <title>Custom range Sliders</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h2>Custom Range Sliders with HTML, CSS and JavaScript</h2>
   <div class="sliders">
      <p>Custom Range Slider: </p>
      <input type="range" min = "1" max = "100" id = 'slider' title = 'range'><br>
      <button id = 'btn'>Calulate Range</button>
      <span id = 'res'></span>
   </div>
</body>
</html>

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The following is the CSS code

style.css

span{ position: relative;
      top: 35px;
      left: 40px;
      font-size: 30px;
      font-weight: 700;
}

p{
   position: relative;
   left: 10px;
   font-size: 20px;
}

input[type='range']
{
   -webkit-appearance: none;
   width: 400px;
   height: 30px;
   background-color: yellow;
   border-radius: 60px;
}

#slider::-webkit-slider-thumb{
   -webkit-appearance: none;
   width: 50px;
   height: 50px;
   border-radius: 40px;
   appearance: none;
   cursor: pointer;
   background-color: red;
}

button{
   width: 150px;
   height: 40px;
   background-color: blue;
   color: white;
   border: none;
   cursor: pointer;
   position: relative;
   left: 20px;
   top: 30px;
   transition: 0.5s;
   border-radius: 5px;
}

button:hover{
   opacity: 0.7;
}

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The following is the JavaScript program

index.js

let btn = document.getElementById('btn');
btn.onclick = function() {
   //fetch the input range value through its id
   let range_value = document.getElementById('slider');

   //fetch the span tag through its id
   let result = document.getElementById('res');
         
   //show the value using innerHTML property
   res.innerHTML = "Range value is: " + range_value.value;
}

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Example

Execute the above HTML, CSS and JavaScript.




   
   Custom range Sliders
   


   Custom Range Sliders with HTML, CSS and JavaScript
   <script>
      let btn = document.getElementById('btn');
      btn.onclick = function() {
         //fetch the input range value through its id
         let range_value = document.getElementById('slider');

         //fetch the span tag through its id
         let result = document.getElementById('res');
            
         //show the value using innerHTML property
         res.innerHTML = &quot;Range value is: &quot; + range_value.value;
      }
   </script>
   
      Custom Range Slider:

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In the above program, we used HTML, CSS and JavaScript, in HTML we create an input field that accepts type as range, then create an HTML button (calculate range), then we create a span Label to display range values.

In CSS files, we manage the style of the page. In JavaScript, we get the HTML button by id and then use onclick event as shown below -

let btn = document.getElementById('btn');
btn.onclick = function(){}

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Then inside the function, when the user clicks the button, we get the input range and display the value using the innerHTML attribute.

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