Comprehensive interpretation of PHP writing specifications: key elements of standardized development

Comprehensive interpretation of PHP writing specifications: key elements of standardized development

1. Introduction
In the software development process, good coding specifications can improve the reliability of the code. Readability, maintainability and scalability, reducing errors and debugging time. In PHP development, there is also a set of widely accepted writing specifications. This article will comprehensively interpret the PHP writing specifications to help developers standardize development and improve coding efficiency.

2. Naming specifications

1. File name: Use lowercase letters and underscores (snake_case) to name, for example: user_model.php.
2. Class name: Use big camel case naming method (PascalCase), with the first letter capitalized, for example: UserModel.
3. Method name: Use camelCase naming method (camelCase), with the first letter lowercase, for example: getUserName().
4. Function name: Use lowercase letters and underscores (snake_case) to name, for example: get_user_name().
5. Variable name: Use lowercase letters and underscores (snake_case) to name, for example: user_name.
6. Constant name: Use uppercase letters and underscores (SNAKE_CASE) to name, for example: MAX_LENGTH.

Sample code:

<?php
class UserModel {
    public function getUserName() {
        $user_name = "John Doe";
        return $user_name;
    }

    public function get_user_name() {
        $user_name = "John Doe";
        return $user_name;
    }

    const MAX_LENGTH = 100;
}
?>

3. Code style

1. Indentation: Use 4 spaces for indentation and no tabs.
2. Line break: Each line should not exceed 80 characters. If it exceeds, line break should be performed. When wrapping lines in function call arguments, use 4 spaces for indentation.
3. Braces: The left brace starts on a new line, and the right brace goes with the code.
4. Space: Use spaces on both sides of the operator and after the comma. Do not use spaces when calling functions. Do not use spaces between keywords and parentheses.

Sample code:

<?php
class UserModel {
    public function getUserName() {
        $user_name = "John Doe";
        return $user_name;
    }

    public function getUserByEmail($email)
    {
        if (strlen($email) > self::MAX_LENGTH) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    public function saveUser($user_name, $email)
    {
        // 代码逻辑
    }
}
?>

4. Comment specifications

1. Single-line comments: Use // for comments, with two spaces between the comments and the code.
2. Multi-line comments: Use / comment /, and the start and end of the comment will occupy one line.
3. Documentation comments: Use /* comments / to describe classes, methods, and properties in detail.

Sample code:

<?php
class UserModel {
    /**
     * 获取用户姓名
     *
     * @return string 用户姓名
     */
    public function getUserName() {
        $user_name = "John Doe";
        return $user_name;
    }

    /**
     * 根据邮箱判断是否为有效用户
     *
     * @param string $email 用户邮箱
     * @return bool 是否为有效用户
     */
    public function getUserByEmail($email) {
        if (strlen($email) > self::MAX_LENGTH) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 保存用户信息
     *
     * @param string $user_name 用户姓名
     * @param string $email 用户邮箱
     * @return void
     */
    public function saveUser($user_name, $email) {
        // 代码逻辑
    }
}
?>

5. Error handling

1. Exception handling: Use try-catch blocks in the code for exception handling, which can be better Catch and handle exceptions effectively.
2. Error reporting: Turn on error reporting in the development environment to display error and warning information, while turn off error reporting in the production environment and only record error logs.
3. Error log: Use appropriate logging tools to record error information for subsequent analysis and processing.

Sample code:

<?php
try {
    // 代码逻辑
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // 异常处理逻辑
}

// 错误报告配置
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);

// 错误日志记录
error_log("Error message", 3, "/var/log/php_error.log");
?>

6. Summary
Standard coding style and naming convention can improve the readability and maintainability of the code, and use comments to clearly explain the code Functions and usage methods make it easier for other developers to understand and use the code. Error handling is an important part of ensuring system stability. Reasonable error handling methods can improve system reliability. In PHP development, writing code according to specifications is a key element of standardized development, which facilitates teamwork and code maintenance. I hope this article will help you understand and comply with PHP writing standards.

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