What is a segmentation fault in a C/C++ program?

A segmentation fault occurs when your program attempts to access a region of memory that it is not allowed to access. In other words, when your program tries to access memory beyond the limit allocated by the operating system for your program.

Segmentation faults are primarily caused by the following pointers:

• for proper initialization.

• Used after the memory they point to has been reallocated or freed.

• Used to index an index array beyond the range of the array.

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