Internationalization and localization in Laravel: adapting to the needs of different languages ​​and regions

Internationalization and localization in Laravel: adapting to the needs of different languages ​​and regions

Introduction:
In the current era of globalization, more and more Applications need to be able to adapt to the needs of different languages ​​and regions. Laravel, as a popular PHP framework, provides rich functions to support application internationalization and localization. This article will introduce how to implement internationalization and localization in Laravel and provide relevant code examples.

1. What is internationalization and localization

Internationalization (Internationalization) refers to designing applications to adapt to different languages ​​and cultural habits; Localization (Localization) is based on different Region or country, the application will be adapted appropriately to meet the needs of local users.

2. Language files in Laravel

In Laravel, we can use language files to achieve internationalization and localization. Language files are stored in the resources/lang directory, and each language has a corresponding directory. For example, the en directory stores English language files, and the zh-CN directory stores Chinese language files.

1. Create a language file

First, we need to create a language file, which can be generated by running the following command:

php artisan make:lang zh-CN

This will be done in ## A zh-CN directory is generated in the #resources/lang directory, and a messages.php file is generated in this directory.

Edit language file

Open

resources/lang/zh-CN/messages.php, we can define some language key-value pairs, such as ：

return [
    'welcome' => '欢迎',
    'about' => '关于我们',
    // ...
];

We can obtain the corresponding language value through the

trans() function in the application, for example:

echo trans('messages.welcome'); // 输出：欢迎

3. Set the language of the application

Configuration file settings

Open the

config/app.php file and you can find the locale configuration item. We can set its value to the corresponding language code, for example 'locale' => 'zh-CN'.

Middleware settings

We can create a middleware to set the language of the application. First, you can use the Artisan command to create a middleware:

php artisan make:middleware SetLocale

Then, open the

handle method of the generated SetLocale middleware and add the following code:

public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
    // 获取用户的首选语言
    $locale = $request->getPreferredLanguage(['en', 'zh-CN']);

    // 设置应用的语言
    app()->setLocale($locale);

    return $next($request);
}

Next, open the

app/Http/Kernel.php file and add the generated middleware to the middleware group:

protected $middlewareGroups = [
    // ...
    'web' => [
        // ...
        AppHttpMiddlewareSetLocale::class,
    ],
    // ...
];

Now, every time the user accesses the application, The middleware will set the language of the app based on the user's preferred language.

4. Display the content according to the language file

In the view file, we can use the

trans() function to display the content according to the language file. For example, we can add the following code in the resources/views/welcome.blade.php file:

<h1>{{ trans('messages.welcome') }}</h1>
<p>{{ trans('messages.about') }}</p>

When the language of the application is set to

zh-CN, Users who visit the / path will see the "Welcome" and "About Us" content.

5. Dynamic replacement parameters

Sometimes, we need to display content based on user input or other dynamic variables. In the language file, we can use the

: notation to specify the parameters, for example:

return [
    'welcome' => '欢迎，:name',
];

Then, we can use the

trans() function in the view or controller The second parameter to replace the value of the parameter, for example:

echo trans('messages.welcome', ['name' => '王小明']); // 输出：欢迎，王小明

Using dynamic parameters can achieve more flexible language output.

6. Language selection function

Sometimes, we need to provide a language selection function in the application to allow users to freely switch the language of the application. In Laravel, you can use the

URL::to() method to generate a URL containing language parameters.

First, we can define a route in the

routes/web.php file:

Route::get('/lang/{locale}', function ($locale) {
    // 设置应用的语言
    App::setLocale($locale);

    // 生成包含语言参数的URL
    $url = URL::to('/');

    // 重定向到指定语言的路径
    return redirect($url);
});

Then, add a language selection link in the view file, for example:

<a href="{{ url('lang/en') }}">English</a>
<a href="{{ url('lang/zh-CN') }}">中文</a>

When the user clicks the corresponding link, the application will redirect to the path of the corresponding language.

Conclusion:

By using the internationalization and localization functions provided by Laravel, we can easily adapt the application to the needs of different languages ​​and regions. This article introduces how to use language files, set the language of the application, and dynamically replace parameters and other technologies. I hope it will be helpful to you to achieve internationalization and localization in your Laravel application.

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