Create SQLite database from CSV file using Python

In today’s data-driven world, having an efficient approach to data processing is crucial, and SQLite is one of the best solutions for small database systems. SQLite is a popular relational database system that is easy to use, lightweight, and scalable.

One way to store data in SQLite is in CSV format. This enables us to store structured data in flat files and can easily parse it with the help of Python. In this tutorial, we will learn how to create a SQLite database from a CSV file using Python.

What is a SQLite database?

SQLite is a software library that provides a relational database management system (RDBMS) that stores data in a standalone, serverless, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database engine. It is a lightweight, file-based database widely used in embedded systems and mobile applications.

SQLite database is a file-based database that stores data in a structured manner in tabular form, using rows and columns. SQLite databases are self-contained, meaning they do not require a separate server or process to run and can be accessed directly by applications.

SQLite is popular because it is easy to set up, requires minimal resources, and supports standard SQL syntax to query and manipulate data. It is also very reliable and provides ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) transactions, ensuring that data is always consistent and accurate.

SQLite databases are commonly used in mobile applications, web browsers, desktop software, and other applications that require small local databases. Due to their low memory and storage requirements, they are also used in embedded systems and other resource-constrained devices.

Overall, SQLite provides a simple yet powerful way to store and manage data, making it a popular choice for many developers and applications.

Required Steps

Step 1: Import the required modules

We use Python's built-in "sqlite3" module to interact with the SQLite database. Additionally, we also use the "csv" module to read data from CSV files. To import these modules, run the following code snippet -

Step 2: Create a connection

To interact with a SQLite database, we first need to create a connection. The "connect()" method in the "sqlite3" module is used to create a connection to the database. We can also specify the path to the database file.

# creating a connection to the database
conn = sqlite3.connect('database.db')

Step 3: Create Cursor

Cursors are used to execute SQL queries and get data from the database. We can retrieve the cursor object from the connection object using the `cursor()` method.

creating a cursor object
cur = conn.cursor()

Step 4: Read data from CSV file

Next, we need to read the data from the CSV file. We can use Python’s built-in `csv` module to read data in CSV files.

# reading data from the CSV file
with open('data.csv') as f:
   reader = csv.reader(f)
   data = list(reader)

Step 5: Create table

Before inserting data into the database, we need to create a table to save the data. We can create a table using the "CREATE TABLE" statement.

# creating a table
cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE table_name (
   column1_name data_type,
   column2_name data_type,
   ...
   )''')

Step 6: Insert data into the table

Once we create the table, we can insert data into it. We can insert data into the table using the `INSERT INTO` statement.

# inserting data into the table
for row in data:
   cur.execute("INSERT INTO table_name (column1_name, column2_name, ...) values (?, ?, ...)", row)

Step 7: Commit changes

After inserting all the data, we need to submit it to the database.

committing changes
conn.commit()

Step 8: Close the connection

Finally, we need to close the connection to the database.

closing the connection
conn.close()

in conclusion

In this tutorial, we learned how to create a SQLite database from a CSV file using Python. We have covered the following steps -

• Import the required modules: The first step is to import the required modules in Python for use with the SQLite database.

• Create a connection: After importing the module, you need to establish a connection with the database. This connection is used to communicate with the database.

• Create Cursor: Cursors are created to execute SQL queries and obtain data from the database.

• Read data from CSV file: If the data does not already exist in the database, you need to read the data from a CSV file or other source.

• Create table: You need to create a table in the database to store data.

• Insert data into the table: Use SQL insert statements to insert data into the table.

• Submit changes: After inserting data, you need to submit the changes to the database.

• Close connection: Finally, close the connection to the database to ensure resources are released and prevent further communication with the database.

By following these steps, we can easily create a SQLite database from CSV files and process our data efficiently.

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