How can we distribute FOREIGN KEY constraints on multiple columns?

MySQL allows us to add FOREIGN KEY constraints on multiple columns in a table. The condition is that each foreign key in the child table must refer to a different parent table.

Example

Suppose we have a table named 'customer2' which has a primary key constraint on the field 'cust_unq_id' as shown below -

mysql> describe customer2;
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field       | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| cust_id     | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| First_name  | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Last_name   | varchar(20) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| City        | varchar(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| cust_unq_id | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | 0       |       |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.06 sec)

We There is already a table called orders1, which already has a foreign key constraint on the field 'Cust_id', referencing the parent table 'customer'.

mysql> describe orders1;
+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field        | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| order_id     | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| Product_name | varchar(25) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| orderdate    | date        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Cust_id      | int(11)     | YES  | MUL | NULL    |       |
| cust_unq_id  | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.04 sec)

Now, with the help of the following ALTER TABLE query, we can add another foreign key constraint on the field "cust_unq_id" that refers to the parent table "customer2"

mysql> Alter table orders1 add FOREIGN KEY(cust_unq_id) REFERENCES Customer2(Cust_unq_id);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> describe orders1;
+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field        | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| order_id     | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| Product_name | varchar(25) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| orderdate    | date        | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Cust_id      | int(11)     | YES  | MUL | NULL    |       |
| cust_unq_id  | int(11)     | YES  | MUL | NULL    |       |
+--------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.06 sec)

As can be seen from the above result set Out, the "orders1" table has two foreign key constraints, one on "cust_id" and the other on the "cust_unq_id" foreign key constraint.

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