How to use an online code specification checking tool to verify that your PHP code complies with the latest code specifications?

How to use an online code specification checking tool to verify whether PHP code complies with the latest code specifications?

Overview

When you write PHP code, it is important to follow consistent coding conventions. Code specifications can not only help improve the readability and maintainability of code, but also make collaboration between team members smoother. To ensure that your code complies with the latest coding standards, we can use online coding standards checking tools to verify it. This article will introduce how to use PHP CodeSniffer, a popular online code specification checking tool, to verify whether PHP code complies with the latest code specifications.

Steps

Step 1: Install PHP CodeSniffer

First, we need to install PHP CodeSniffer. PHP CodeSniffer is an open source static code analysis tool that can detect whether PHP code conforms to specific code specifications. You can install PHP CodeSniffer by running the following command in the terminal:

composer global require "squizlabs/php_codesniffer=3.*"

Please make sure you have Composer installed on your system. After the installation is complete, you can verify whether PHP CodeSniffer was successfully installed by running the phpcs -i command.

Step 2: Understand the PHP code specifications

Before verifying the code, we need to understand the latest PHP code specifications. Currently, the PHP team maintains an official PHP code specification called PSR (PHP Standards Recommendations). These specifications define best coding style, structure, and naming conventions. You can visit the PSR specification page on the official PHP website (https://www.php-fig.org/psr/) to learn more.

Step 3: Configure Code Specifications

Once you understand PHP code specifications, the next step is to configure PHP CodeSniffer to use the correct specifications. By default, PHP CodeSniffer follows the PEAR code specification. But we can use the --standard parameter to specify other specifications. For example, if you want to use the PSR-2 specification to verify your code, you can run the following command:

phpcs --standard=PSR2 your-php-file.php

Of course, you can also customize your own code specification.

Step 4: Verify Code

Once configured, you can use PHP CodeSniffer to verify your PHP code. Just run the following command:

phpcs --standard=PSR2 your-php-file.php

If your code complies with the specified code specifications, there will be no output. If there is code that does not conform to the specification, PHP CodeSniffer will list the specific issues and recommended fixes. For example, if your code is missing spaces, PHP CodeSniffer will prompt you to add them.

Code Example

Suppose we have the following code:

<?php
class Example{
public function doSomething($param1,$param2) {
if($param1 == $param2)
echo "Parameters are equal";
}
}

Verification using PHP CodeSniffer:

phpcs --standard=PSR2 example.php

Output:

FILE: /path/to/example.php
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOUND 4 ERRORS AFFECTING 3 LINES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 3 | ERROR | Opening brace should be on a new line
 3 | ERROR | Whitespace found at end of line
 4 | ERROR | The closing brace for the class must go on the next line after the body
 5 | ERROR | Missing function doc comment
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

According to From the output, we can see that the code has the following problems:

1. Line 3: The curly braces should be on a new line
2. Line 3: There is a space at the end of the line
3. Line 4: The closing brace of the class should be on the next line after the rest of the class
4. Line 5: Missing function documentation comment

You can fix it based on the output, Until the encoding complies with the specification.

Conclusion

It is a good practice to use online code specification checking tools to verify that your PHP code complies with the latest coding standards. By following specifications, you can improve the readability and maintainability of your code and collaborate better with your team members. I hope this article can help you correctly use PHP CodeSniffer for code specification checking.

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