Java technology stack: from beginner to proficient

Java technology stack: from entry to proficiency

Java is a high-level programming language widely used in the field of software development. It is cross-platform, object-oriented, and reliable. Advanced features. As a Java developer, mastering the Java technology stack is essential. This article will start with the basic knowledge of Java, and gradually explore the various technical points of Java in depth, helping readers from getting started to becoming proficient in the Java technology stack.

1. Basic introduction

1. Java language basics: basic knowledge of Java data types, operators, flow control statements and other basic knowledge.

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, world!");
    }
}

2. Object-oriented programming: Java’s object-oriented features, such as classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, etc.

public class Animal {
    private String name;
    
    public Animal(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public void sayHello() {
        System.out.println("Hello, I am " + name);
    }
}

public class Dog extends Animal {
    public Dog(String name) {
        super(name);
    }
    
    public void bark() {
        System.out.println("Woof!");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Dog dog = new Dog("Tommy");
        dog.sayHello();
        dog.bark();
    }
}

3. Exception handling: Exception handling mechanism in Java, such as try-catch statement, throws keyword, etc.

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            int result = divide(10, 0);
            System.out.println("Result: " + result);
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    public static int divide(int a, int b) throws ArithmeticException {
        if (b == 0) {
            throw new ArithmeticException("Divisor cannot be zero");
        }
        return a / b;
    }
}

2. Intermediate improvement

1. Java Collection Framework: The collection framework class library provided by Java, including List, Set, Map and other common data structures.

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> fruits = new ArrayList<>();
        fruits.add("Apple");
        fruits.add("Banana");
        fruits.add("Orange");
        for (String fruit : fruits) {
            System.out.println(fruit);
        }
    }
}

2. Multi-threaded programming: Multi-threaded programming in Java, such as thread creation, thread synchronization, thread pool, etc.

public class MyThread extends Thread {
    private String name;
    
    public MyThread(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            System.out.println(name + " " + i);
        }
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread thread1 = new MyThread("Thread 1");
        MyThread thread2 = new MyThread("Thread 2");
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
    }
}

3. File operations: File read and write operations in Java, such as creating files, reading files, writing files, etc.

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("input.txt"));
             BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("output.txt"))) {
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                writer.write(line);
                writer.newLine();
            }
            System.out.println("File copied successfully");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

3. Advanced Advanced

1. Database operations: Operations that interact with the database in Java, such as connecting to the database, executing SQL statements, etc.

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydatabase", "username", "password");
             PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM users");
             ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery()) {
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                String username = resultSet.getString("username");
                String email = resultSet.getString("email");
                System.out.println("Username: " + username + ", Email: " + email);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

2. Network programming: Network programming in Java, such as creating servers, processing client requests, etc.

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000)) {
            System.out.println("Server started");
            while (true) {
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                new Thread(() -> handleClient(socket)).start();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    private static void handleClient(Socket socket) {
        // 处理客户端请求的逻辑
    }
}

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (Socket socket = new Socket("localhost", 8000)) {
            // 发送请求与服务器通信的逻辑
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

3. Web development: Java technology for developing Web applications, such as Servlet, JSP, Spring, etc.

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloWorldServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<html>");
        out.println("<body>");
        out.println("<h1>Hello, world!</h1>");
        out.println("</body>");
        out.println("</html>");
    }
}

To sum up, we started from the basic knowledge of Java and gradually learned the technical points of Java in depth, thereby realizing the process from entry to proficiency in the Java technology stack. Through continuous practice and learning, I believe that readers’ attainments in the Java technology stack will continue to improve. I hope this article can provide readers with some guidance and help so that everyone can better master and apply Java technology.

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