Centralized database management system

Centralized databases are stored in a single location, such as a mainframe computer. It is maintained and modified only from this location and is typically accessed using an Internet connection such as a LAN or WAN. Centralized databases are used by organizations such as universities, companies, banks, etc.

As you can see from the above figure, all the information of the organization is stored in a database. This database is called a centralized database.

Advantages

Some of the advantages of a centralized database management system are -

• Data integrity is maximized since the entire database is stored in a single physical location. This means it's easier to reconcile data and make it as accurate and consistent as possible.
• Data redundancy in centralized databases is minimal. All data is stored together instead of scattered in different locations. Therefore, it is easier to ensure that no redundant data is available.
• Because all data is in one location, stronger security measures can be in place. Therefore, centralized databases are more secure.
• The data is easily portable because it is stored in the same location.
• A centralized database is cheaper than other types of databases because it requires less power and maintenance.
• All information in a centralized database can be easily accessed simultaneously from the same location.

Disadvantages

Some of the disadvantages of a centralized database management system are-

• Since all the data is located in one location, searching and accessing it requires more Much time. If the network speed is slow, this process will take more time.
• The centralized database has a large data access traffic. This can create a bottleneck situation.
• Since all the data is in the same location, it can cause problems if multiple users try to access it at the same time. This may reduce the efficiency of the system.
• If a system failure occurs without appropriate database recovery measures, all data in the database will be destroyed.

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