Learn C++ development and create flexible and scalable PHP7/8 extensions

Learn C development and create flexible and scalable PHP7/8 extensions

Overview:
PHP, as a popular server-side scripting language, has a wide range of Application areas. PHP extension is a technology closely integrated with the C/C programming language, which can provide PHP with rich functions and performance optimization. This article will introduce how to learn C development and use it to create a flexible and extensible PHP7/8 extension, thereby gaining an in-depth understanding of the underlying mechanism of PHP and how it interacts with C.

1. Learn C development

1. Learn basic C syntax and programming concepts, including variables, functions, classes, inheritance, etc.
2. Be familiar with the object-oriented programming ideas of C and master concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism.
3. Learn the C standard library and understand commonly used data structures and algorithms.

2. Understand PHP7/8 extension development

1. Understand the concepts and basic principles of PHP extensions, and master the structure and components of extensions.
2. Learn the tools and environment configuration for PHP extension development, such as PHP source code, compiler, debugger, etc.
3. Study the documentation and sample code of PHP extension development, and understand the basic processes and techniques of extension development.

3. Create a PHP extension
The following is a simple example showing how to create a simple PHP extension and add a custom function to the extension. To simplify the example, we create a simple mathematical calculation extension that includes two functions: addition and multiplication.

1. Write C code:

   #include <phpcpp.h>
   
   Php::Value add(Php::Parameters params) {
    int a = params[0];
    int b = params[1];
   
    return a + b;
   }
   
   Php::Value multiply(Php::Parameters params) {
    int a = params[0];
    int b = params[1];
   
    return a * b;
   }
   
   extern "C" {
    PHPCPP_EXPORT void *get_module() {
        static Php::Extension extension("math_extension", "1.0");
   
        extension.add<add>("add");
        extension.add<multiply>("multiply");
   
        return extension;
    }
   }

2. Write the extended configuration file, named math_extension.ini, with the following content:

   extension=math_extension.so

3. Compile extension:

   $ g++ -fPIC -shared -o math_extension.so math_extension.cpp -I /path/to/php7/include/php -lphpcpp

4. Copy the generated math_extension.so file to the PHP extension directory (the location of the extension directory can be obtained through the phpinfo function).

5. Using extensions in PHP:

   <?php
   echo add(2, 3);          // 输出5
   echo multiply(2, 3);     // 输出6
   ?>

In this example, we create the extension object through the Php::Extension class and use add and multiply A function is registered as a callable function in PHP. When compiling, we need to specify the PHP header file path (-I option) and the phpcpp library (-lphpcpp option). Finally, copy the generated extension file to PHP's extension directory and call it in PHP code.

Summary:
Learning C development and creating flexible and scalable PHP7/8 extensions is a very valuable skill. By learning C and understanding the development principles of PHP extensions, we can have a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms of PHP and extend and optimize PHP applications by creating custom extensions. I hope the examples and steps provided in this article are helpful to your learning and practice.

The above is the detailed content of Learn C++ development and create flexible and scalable PHP7/8 extensions. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!