Improve your Linux server security with command line tools

Use command line tools to improve the security of your Linux server

As a system administrator with a Linux server, protecting the security of the server is crucial One of the tasks. Fortunately, Linux provides many powerful command line tools that can help us improve the security of our servers. This article will introduce several commonly used command line tools and their usage examples.

1. SSH (Secure Shell)

SSH is a protocol for secure communication over the network. We can use SSH tools to connect to remote servers and perform operations, avoiding Risks of clear text transmission. Here is an example of how to use SSH:

# 连接到远程服务器
ssh username@server_ip

# 拷贝文件到远程服务器
scp local_file username@server_ip:remote_path

# 从远程服务器拷贝文件到本地
scp username@server_ip:remote_file local_path

2. GPG (GNU Privacy Guard)

GPG is a tool for file encryption and digital signatures. By using GPG, we can add encryption protection to files so that they can only be decrypted by a specific private key. The following is an example of the use of GPG:

# 生成公钥和私钥
gpg --gen-key

# 加密文件
gpg -e -r recipient_file_name file_to_encrypt

# 解密文件
gpg -d encrypted_file.gpg > decrypted_file

3. Fail2ban

Fail2ban is a tool used to prevent brute force cracking. It monitors the system logs and detects multiple failed attempts. The attacker's IP address is automatically banned during login attempts. The following is an example of using Fail2ban:

# 安装Fail2ban
sudo apt-get install fail2ban

# 配置Fail2ban
sudo nano /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf

# 启动Fail2ban
sudo service fail2ban start

# 查看Fail2ban日志
sudo tail -f /var/log/fail2ban.log

4. UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall)

UFW is a simple and easy-to-use firewall configuration tool that can help us filter traffic and restrict specific Port access. The following is an example of UFW usage:

# 允许特定端口的访问
sudo ufw allow port_number

# 禁止特定端口的访问
sudo ufw deny port_number

# 开启防火墙
sudo ufw enable

# 查看防火墙状态
sudo ufw status

5. Lynis

Lynis is a tool for system security auditing that provides detailed analysis based on current system configuration and security issues Report. The following are examples of Lynis usage:

# 安装Lynis
sudo apt-get install lynis

# 运行Lynis进行系统安全审计
sudo lynis audit system

# 查看Lynis审计报告
sudo cat /var/log/lynis.log

Summary:

By using these powerful command line tools, we can improve the security of Linux servers. SSH secures our remote access, GPG allows us to encrypt files, Fail2ban and UFW help us protect our servers from attacks, and Lynis provides the ability to audit system security. Of course, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Linux has many other security tools and configurations that can further enhance the security of your server.

I hope this article will be helpful to you and enable you to use command line tools to better protect your Linux server. I wish your server is safe and worry-free!

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