How to use C++ to develop PHP7/8 extensions and interact with other extensions

How to use C to develop PHP7/8 extensions and interact with other extensions

Introduction:

PHP is a widely used server-side script Language, by developing PHP extensions, we can add some customized functions and features to PHP. This article will introduce how to use C to develop PHP7/8 extensions and demonstrate how to interact with other extensions.

1. Preparation:

Before you start, make sure you have set up a PHP7/8 development environment and have certain C programming knowledge.

2. Create an extension:

1. Create an extension folder:

First, we need to create a folder to store the source code of the extension. Execute the following command in the command line:

mkdir myextension
cd myextension

2. Create the extension entry file:

Create a file named myextension.cpp in the myextension folder as the extension Entry file. In this file we will write the basic structure and functions of the extension.

myextension.cpp The sample code is as follows:

#include "php_myextension.h"

zend_function_entry myextension_functions[] = {
    PHP_FE(myextension_hello, NULL)
    {NULL, NULL, NULL}
};

zend_module_entry myextension_module_entry = {
    STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER,
    "myextension",
    myextension_functions,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    NULL,
    PHP_MYEXTENSION_VERSION,
    STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES
};

#ifdef COMPILE_DL_MYEXTENSION
#ifdef ZTS
ZEND_TSRMLS_CACHE_DEFINE()
#endif
ZEND_GET_MODULE(myextension)
#endif

PHP_FUNCTION(myextension_hello) {
    php_printf("Hello from myextension!");
}

3. Create an extension configuration file:

Create a file named config.m4 in the myextension folder File used to configure extended compilation options.

config.m4 The sample code is as follows:

PHP_ARG_ENABLE(myextension, whether to enable myextension support,
    [ --enable-myextension   Enable myextension support])

if test "$PHP_MYEXTENSION" = "yes"; then
    AC_DEFINE(PHP_MYEXTENSION_ENABLED, 1, [Whether myextension support is enabled])
    PHP_NEW_EXTENSION(myextension, myextension.cpp, $ext_shared)
fi

PHP_SUBST(MYEXTENSION_SHARED_LIBADD)

4. Create an extension header file:

Create a file named php_myextension.h in the myextension folder File used to define extended functions and macros.

php_myextension.h The sample code is as follows:

#ifndef PHP_MYEXTENSION_H
#define PHP_MYEXTENSION_H

extern zend_module_entry myextension_module_entry;
#define phpext_myextension_ptr &myextension_module_entry

#define PHP_MYEXTENSION_VERSION "1.0.0"

PHP_FUNCTION(myextension_hello);

#endif

5. Write the extended php.ini configuration file:

Create a name in the PHP extension directory The file myextension.ini is used to configure the behavior of the myextension extension.

Myextension.ini Sample code is as follows:

extension=myextension.so

6. Compile and install the extension:

Next, we need to compile and install our extension. Execute the following command in the command line:

phpize
./configure --enable-myextension
make
sudo make install

If everything goes well, an extension file named myextension.so will be generated after the compilation is completed. Copy the file to the extension directory of PHP and add it in php.ini Enable extensions in the file.

3. Interact with other extensions:

After the extension development is completed, we can interact with other extensions through the functions and global variables provided by the extension. Here is an example of interacting with a zlib extension:

1. Modify the myextension.cpp file:

Add a header file reference at the beginning of the file:

#include <zlib.h>

At Call the zlib function in the myextension_hello function:

PHP_FUNCTION(myextension_hello) {
    unsigned long sourceLen = 200;
    char source[] = "Hello from myextension!";
    unsigned long destLen = compressBound(sourceLen);
    char* dest = (char*)malloc(destLen);

    compress((Bytef*)dest, &destLen, (const Bytef*)source, sourceLen);

    php_printf("Compressed string: %s", dest);
    free(dest);
}

2. Compile and install the extension:

Follow the previous steps to compile and install.

3. Test extension:

Create a file named test.php and write the following code:

<?php

echo myextension_hello();

?>

Execute the following command in the command line:

php test.php

If everything is normal, you will see the following output:

Compressed string: H4sIAAAAAAAEAEvNLE3WcuhKS0xOLC8tSizJzM8PKS4tKEpPzs8rSCpNzS1OL8pPogXQA

4. Summary:

Through the introduction of this article, you should learn how to use C to develop PHP7/ 8 extensions, and interact with other extensions. Developing your own PHP extensions can provide more functions and features for your application. I hope this article will be helpful to you.

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