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怎样用PHP来给网页做导航栏_PHP

Jun 01, 2016 pm 12:30 PM
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译者注:本文原名《Site Navigation with PHP》,原文详述了如何用PHP编程来做出效果理想的网页导航条,本文只选译了其中的部分文章,所选取的部分是文章精髓之所在,只要大家能弄懂这部分内容就可以用同样的原理、思想做出我们需要的效果来,希望给读者能起到抛砖引玉的作用。本文只需要读者具备PHP、HTML的初步知识就可以基本读懂了。

译 文:如大家所知PHP对于用数据库驱动的网站(making database-driven sites)来讲可谓功能强大,可是我们是否可以用它来做点其他事情呢?PHP给了我们所有我们期望的工具:for与while的循环结构、数学运算等等,还可以通过两种方式来引用文件:直接引用或向服务器提出申请。其实何止这些,让我们来看一个如何用它来做导航条的例子:完整的原代码:

$full_path = getenv("REQUEST_URI");

$root = dirname($full_path);$page_file = basename($full_path);$page_num = substr($page_file, strrpos($page_file, "_") 1, strpos($page_file, ".html") - (strrpos($page_file, "_") 1));

$partial_path = substr($page_file, 0, strrpos($page_file, "_"));

$prev_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num-1) . ".html";$next_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num 1) . ".html";

$prev_exists = file_exists($prev_page_file);$next_exists = file_exists($next_page_file);

if ($prev_exists)

{ print "previous";if ($next_exists)

{ print " | ";} if ($next_exists)

{ print "next";}

?>//原程序完。

代码分析:OK! 前面做了足够的铺垫工作,现在让我们来看看如何来用PHP来完成这项工作:

$full_path = getenv("REQUEST_URI");

$root = dirname($full_path);$page_file = basename($full_path);

/* PHP函数getenv()用来取得环境变量的值,REQUEST_URI的值是紧跟在主机名后的部分URL,假如URL是http://www.yourmom.com/dinner/tuna_1.html, 那它的值就为/dinner/tuna_1.html. 现在我们将得到的那部分URL放在变量$full_path中,再用dirname()函数来从URL中抓取文件目录,用basename()函数取得文件名,用上面的例子来讲dirname()返回值:/dinner/;basename()返回:tuna_1.html.接下来的部分相对有些技巧,假如我们的文件名以story_x的格式命名,其中x代表页码,我们需要从中将我们使用的页码抽出来。当然文件名不一定只有一位数字的模式或只有一个下划线,它可以是tuna_2.html,同样它还可以叫做tuna_234.html甚至是candy_apple_3.html,而我们真正想要的就是位于最后一个“_”和“。html”之间的东东。可采用如下方法:*/ $page_num = substr($page_file, strrpos($page_file, "_") 1, strpos($page_file, ".html") - (strrpos($page_file, "_") 1));/* substr($string, $start,[$length] )函数给了我们字符串$string中从$start开始、长为$length或到末尾的字串(方括号中的参数是可选项,如果省略$length,substr就会返回给我们从$start开始直到字符串末尾的字符串),正如每一个优秀的C程序员告诉你的那样,代表字符串开始的位置开始的数字是“0”而不是“1”。

函数strrpos($string, $what)告诉我们字符串$what在变量$string中最后一次出现的位置,我们可以通过它找出文件名中最后一个下划线的位置在哪,同理,接着的strpos($string, $what)告诉我们“。html”首次出现的位置。我们通过运用这三个函数取得在最后一个“_”和“。html”之间的数字(代码中的strpos() 1代表越过“_”自己)。

剩下的部分很简单,首先为上页和下页构造文件名:*/ $partial_path = substr($page_file, 0, strrpos($page_file, "_"));

$prev_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num-1) . ".html";$next_page_file = $partial_path . "_" . (string)($page_num 1) . ".html";

/*(string)($page_num 1)将数学运算$page_num 1的结果转化为字符串类型,这样就可以用来与其他字串最终连接成为我们需要的文件名。

*/ /*现在检查文件是否存在(这段代码假设所有的文件都位于同样的目录下),并最终给出构成页面导航栏的HTML代码。

*/ $prev_exists = file_exists($prev_page_file);$next_exists = file_exists($next_page_file);

if ($prev_exists)

{ print "previous";if ($next_exists)

{ print " | ";} if ($next_exists)

{ print "next";}

?>

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