How to implement email-based user login verification through PHP?

How to implement email-based user login verification through PHP?

In website development, user login is a very important function. In order to ensure the security and accuracy of user identity, it is often necessary to verify the user's registered email for login verification. This article will introduce how to implement email-based user login verification through PHP and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Registration page
The user registration page is the first step to achieve email verification login. On this page, users need to enter necessary information such as email address, username and password.

Code example:

<!-- register.php -->
<form action="send_email.php" method="POST">
    <input type="email" name="email" placeholder="邮箱地址" required>
    <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名" required>
    <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码" required>
    <button type="submit">注册</button>
</form>

2. Send verification email
After the user fills in the registration information and submits it, a verification email needs to be sent to the user's registered email address through PHP. Include a special link in the email that users click to complete email verification.

Code example:

<?php
// send_email.php

// 获取用户输入的注册信息
$email = $_POST['email'];
$username = $_POST['username'];
$password = $_POST['password'];

// 生成一个随机的验证令牌
$token = md5(uniqid());

// 存储验证令牌和注册信息
// 可以将令牌、邮箱地址和其他信息存储到数据库中，这里仅作示例，使用数组来存储
$registrationData = [
    'token' => $token,
    'email' => $email,
    'username' => $username,
    'password' => password_hash($password, PASSWORD_BCRYPT)
];

// 发送验证邮件
$subject = '请验证您的邮箱';
$message = '点击下面的链接完成邮箱验证：' . "
";
$message .= 'http://example.com/verify.php?token=' . $token;

// 使用PHP内置函数发送邮件
mail($email, $subject, $message);

// 将注册信息存储到数据库或其他持久化存储中
// ....

// 提示用户检查邮箱并完成验证
echo '请检查您的邮箱并完成验证';
?>

3. Email verification page
When the user clicks the link in the verification email, it will jump to the email verification page. On this page, you need to activate the user account by checking the validity of the verification token.

Code example:

<?php
// verify.php

$token = $_GET['token'];

// 从数据库或持久化存储中获取注册信息
// 这里使用数组来获取注册信息，实际应用中可从数据库中获取
$registrationData = [
    'token' => '生成令牌时的token',
    'email' => '用户输入的邮箱',
    'username' => '用户输入的用户名',
    'password' => '加密后的密码'
];

// 检查令牌的有效性
if ($token !== $registrationData['token']) {
    die('无效的链接');
}

// 将注册信息存储到数据库，激活用户账号
// ....

// 提示用户验证成功
echo '邮箱验证成功，您现在可以进行登录';
?>

4. Login page
When users log in, they need to enter their email and password for authentication. Only after the verification is passed can you log in normally.

Code example:

<!-- login.php -->
<form action="login.php" method="POST">
    <input type="email" name="email" placeholder="邮箱地址" required>
    <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码" required>
    <button type="submit">登录</button>
</form>

Code example:

<?php
// login.php

$email = $_POST['email'];
$password = $_POST['password'];

// 获取数据库中的用户信息，这里仅作示例
$userData = [
  'email' => '用户输入的邮箱',
  'password' => '数据库中存储的密码'
];

// 验证用户输入的邮箱和密码是否正确
if ($email === $userData['email'] && password_verify($password, $userData['password'])) {
    // 验证通过，进行登录操作
    echo '登录成功';
} else {
    // 验证失败，提示用户重新输入
    echo '邮箱或密码错误';
}
?>

Through the above steps, we have implemented email-based user login verification. After the user fills in the registration information on the registration page, the system will send a verification email via email. The user can log in normally after completing the verification. This method can improve the security of users' accounts and prevent illegal access and malicious attacks. At the same time, it can also improve the user experience of the website and simplify the user login and registration process.

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