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如何在PHP中使用Oracle数据库_PHP

Jun 01, 2016 pm 12:31 PM
connection cursor use how database

在php3.0以上版本中,php内置了几乎目前所有的数据库处理函数,包括Oracle;在本文中我们通过一个实例来介绍了如何使用这些函数来操作Oracle数据库。

PHP提供了2大类API(应用程序接口)来操作Oracle数据库。一个是标准的Oracle处理函数(ORA) 另一个是Oracle 8调用接口函数(OCI8). 后者只能在Oracle 7或8版本上使用。 由于OCI8 提供了很多优化选项,因此只要有可能就应该采用 OCI8 接口。这里我们分别用这二种函数集进行了演示。

首先本文的前提假设你已经装好了 Oracle数据库环境 和 PHP 开发环境. 如果不懂也没多大关系,网上有很多相关的好文章可以参考。

第一步:创建 一个实验用的数据库

这个问题你可以请你的数据库管理员或参考Oracle用户手册处理,这里不再多讲

用 ORA 建立数据表

即使你已经创建好了数据表,也请看看本段文字。它可以告诉你如何用PHP SQL的技术操作Oracle

在本例中我们创建了一个用于存放个人email的数据表

相关PHP代码:


PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");
$connection = Ora_Logon ("username", "password");
if ($connection == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."";
exit;
}
$cursor = Ora_Open ($connection);
if ($cursor == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."";
exit;
}
$query = "create table email_info " .
"(fullname varchar(255), email_address varchar(255))";
$result = Ora_Parse ($cursor, $query);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."";
exit;
}
$result = Ora_Exec ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."";
exit;
}
Ora_Commit ($connection);
Ora_Close ($cursor);
Ora_Logoff ($connection);
?>

为了处理Oracle数据库,我们首先要和Oracle建立一个联结。
语法是 Ora_Logon (user, password),返回一个connectID..
提醒: 在此之前我们还必须设置环境变量: ORACLE_SID的值.

现在,我们可以通过该联结的 ID对Oracle进行交互式操作了。数据表名字就叫email_info吧。该表由2个域组成,一个存储个人全名,(如:晓月)一个存储email地址如(xiaoyue@163.net)

还需要一个游标 Ora_Open. 该游标常常用来枚举数据。我们用 Ora_Parse 或 Ora_Exec 查询Oracle的结果集. Ora_Parse 效验SQL语法正确性 而 Ora_Exec 则执行相应的SQL语句. 如果这一切都正常运行,那么我们就运行 Ora_Commit来确认.

Create A Table Using OCI

下面我们将建立一个email个人信息簿。这次采用OCI8 API指令

相关PHP代码:


PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");

$connection = OCILogon ("username", "password");
if ($connection == false){
echo OCIError($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$query = "create table email_info " .
"(fullname varchar(255), email_address varchar(255))";

$cursor = OCIParse ($connection, $query);
if ($cursor == false){
echo OCIError($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

$result = OCIExecute ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo OCIError($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

OCICommit ($connection);
OCILogoff ($connection);

?>

我们可以看到这2段代码语法几乎都一样,区别仅仅函数名字不同; 其次,在OCI8中我们不需要专门运行打开游标的指令,在调用 OCIParse 系统就自动返回了一个游标ID.

利用 ORA 向数据表 'email_info' 输入数据

当用户浏览这段脚本时,显示一个由姓名、email输入域组成的表单;当用户添好数据点击提交时,脚本程序将把这姓名、email保存到'email_info'数据表中。

相关PHP代码:


if ($submit == "click"){
// The submit button was clicked!
// Get the input for fullname and email then store it in the database.
PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");

$connection = Ora_Logon ("username","password");
if ($connection == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$cursor = Ora_Open ($connection);
if ($cursor == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$query = "insert into email_info values ('$fullname', '$email')";
$result = Ora_Parse ($cursor, $query);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

$result = Ora_Exec ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

Ora_Commit ($connection);
Ora_Close ($cursor);
Ora_Logoff ($connection);
}
else{
echo '


<FORM action=insert.php method=post>

请输入姓名
<INPUT name=fullname></INPUT>

请输入Email地址
<INPUT name=email></INPUT>

<INPUT name=submit type=submit value=click></INPUT>

</FORM>


';
}

?>

对了,这段脚本必须存为insert.php,因为在调用的页面中指定insert.php为表单处理程序

浏览效果:



请输入姓名
请输入Email地址


利用OCI向数据表 'email_info' 输入数据

同上,只不过用OCI来写

相关PHP代码:


if ($submit == "click"){
// The submit button was clicked!
// Get the input for fullname and email then store it in the database.
PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");

$connection = OCILogon ("username","password");
if ($connection == false){
echo OCIError($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$query = "insert into email_info values ('$fullname', '$email')";
$cursor = OCIParse ($connection, $query);
if ($cursor == false){
echo OCIError($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

$result = OCIExecute ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo OCIError($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

OCICommit ($connection);
OCILogoff ($connection);
}
else{
echo '


<FORM action=insert.php method=post>

请输入姓名
<INPUT name=fullname></INPUT>

请输入 Email 地址
<INPUT name=email></INPUT>

<INPUT name=submit type=submit value=click></INPUT>

</FORM>


';
}

?>

对了,这段脚本必须存为insert.php,因为在调用的页面中指定insert.php为表单处理程序

浏览效果:



请输入姓名
请输入Email地址

利用ORA列出全部数据表'email_info'中的数据


下面,我们将逐条读出数据库的内容,并以html表格形式显示'email_info'数据表中的数据

相关PHP代码:


PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");

$connection = Ora_Logon ("username","password");
if ($connection == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$cursor = Ora_Open ($connection);
if ($cursor == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$query = "select * from email_info";
$result = Ora_Parse ($cursor, $query);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

$result = Ora_Exec ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

echo " ";
echo " ";

while (Ora_Fetch_Into ($cursor, &$values)){
$name = $values[0];
$email = $values[1];

echo " ";
}

echo "
Full Name Email Address
$name $email
";

Ora_Close ($cursor);
Ora_Logoff ($connection);

?>

程序运行的浏览效果如下所示:

姓名 Email 地址
春花 springflower@163.com
秋月 autumnmoon@163.com
... ...

利用OCI列出全部数据表'email_info'中的数据


同上,只不过用OCI来写

相关PHP代码:


PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");

$connection = OCILogon ("username","password");
if ($connection == false){
echo OCIError($connection)."
";
exit;
}

$query = "select * from email_info";
$cursor = OCIParse ($connection, $query);
if ($cursor == false){
echo OCIError($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

$result = OCIExecute ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo OCIError($cursor)."
";
exit;
}

echo " ";
echo " ";

while (OCIFetchInto ($cursor, $values)){
$name = $values[0];
$email = $values[1];

echo " ";
}

echo "
Full Name Email Address
$name $email
";

OCILogoff ($connection);

?>

程序运行的浏览效果如下所示:

姓名 Email 地址
春花 springflower@163.com
秋月 autumnmoon@163.com
... ...

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