How to develop a Spring Security SAML-based single sign-on system using Java

How to use Java to develop a single sign-on system based on Spring Security SAML

Introduction:
With the rapid development of the Internet, more and more applications Programs are developed. In these applications, user login is one of the most common features. However, for enterprise-level applications, users need to log in in multiple systems, which will lead to a very poor user login experience. In order to solve this problem, the single sign-on system (Single Sign-On, referred to as SSO) came into being.

Introduction:
The single sign-on system allows users to access applications in different systems within the enterprise after logging in once without having to repeatedly enter login credentials. Spring Security is a powerful security framework, and SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language) is an open standard for cross-domain authentication and authorization.

This article will introduce how to use Java to develop a single sign-on system based on Spring Security SAML and provide specific code examples.

Step 1: Preparation

1. Install Java, Spring Boot and Maven.
2. Create a Spring Boot project and add dependencies: spring-boot-starter-security, spring-security-saml2-core and spring-security-saml2-service-provider.

Step 2: Configure SAML

1. Configure SP metadata, IDP metadata and key information in the application.properties file.

# SP元数据
security.saml2.metadata.sp.entity-id=
security.saml2.metadata.sp.private-key-location=
security.saml2.metadata.sp.public-key-location=

# IDP元数据
security.saml2.metadata.idp.entity-id=
security.saml2.metadata.idp.single-sign-on-service.location=
security.saml2.metadata.idp.single-logout-service.location=

# 密钥信息
security.saml2.keystore.location=
security.saml2.keystore.password=
security.saml2.private-key.password=

2. Create a Java class named "SAMLWebSecurityConfig", inherit "SAMLConfigurerAdapter" and override the corresponding methods.

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SAMLWebSecurityConfig extends SAMLConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private SAMLUserDetailsService samlUserDetailsService;

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/saml/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .apply(saml())
                .userDetailsService(samlUserDetailsService);
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.authenticationProvider(samlAuthenticationProvider());
    }

    @Bean
    public SAMLConfigurer saml() {
        return new SAMLConfigurer();
    }

    @Bean
    public SAMLAuthenticationProvider samlAuthenticationProvider() {
        return new SAMLAuthenticationProvider();
    }
}

3. Create a Java class named "SAMLConfigurer", inherit "SAMLConfigurerAdapter" and override the corresponding methods.

public class SAMLConfigurer extends SAMLConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    public void configure(SAMLServiceProviderConfigurer saml) throws Exception {
        saml.keyStore()
                .storeFilePath(keystoreLocation)
                .password(keystorePassword)
                .keyname(keyAlias)
                .keyPassword(keyPassword)
                .and()
                .protocol(PROTOCOL)
                .hostname(HOSTNAME)
                .basePath(BASE_PATH)
                .entityId(SP_ENTITY_ID)
                .metadataFilePath(SP_METADATA_LOCATION);
    }
}

Step 3: Create user service

1. Create a Java class named "SAMLUser", implement the "SAMLUserDetailsService" interface and implement the corresponding methods.

@Service
public class SAMLUser implements SAMLUserDetailsService {

    @Override
    public Object loadUserBySAML(SAMLCredential credential) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        String username = credential.getNameID().getValue();

        // 根据用户名查询用户信息
        // ...

        // 返回用户详细信息
        return new User(username, "", new ArrayList<>());
    }
}

Step 4: Create a controller

1. Create a Java class named "HomeController" to handle the jump after successful login.

@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String home() {
        return "home";
    }
}

2. Create a Java class named "LogoutController" to handle logout.

@Controller
public class LogoutController {

    @RequestMapping("/logout")
    public String logout() {
        return "logout";
    }
}

Step 5: Create a view

1. Create two template files, home.html and logout.html, in the src/main/resources/templates directory.

home.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Home</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to Home Page</h1>
</body>
</html>

logout.html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Logout</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>You have been logged out</h1>
</body>
</html>

Summary:
So far, we have completed using Java to develop a Spring Security SAML Steps for single sign-on system. By configuring SAML and creating user services, we are able to implement a stable and secure login system that provides a good user experience.

Reference:

1. Spring Security SAML official documentation: https://docs.spring.io/spring-security-saml/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/

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