How to implement data high availability and disaster recovery backup functions in PHP

How to implement high availability and disaster recovery backup functions of data in PHP

With the continuous development of Internet applications, the high availability and disaster recovery backup functions of data have become becomes more and more important. In PHP, we can achieve high availability and disaster recovery backup of data through some methods. This article will introduce some commonly used methods and provide specific code examples to help you implement these functions.

1. Master-slave replication of database

Master-slave replication of database is a common method to achieve high data availability and disaster recovery backup. Master-slave replication can ensure that even if the master database fails, services can be provided through the slave database, and real-time data synchronization can be guaranteed.

In PHP, we can use PDO to connect to the master database and send read requests to the slave database by setting up read-write separation. The following is a simple example:

// 连接主数据库
$dsn_master = 'mysql:host=主数据库IP;dbname=数据库名';
$username_master = '用户名';
$password_master = '密码';
$pdo_master = new PDO($dsn_master, $username_master, $password_master);

// 连接从数据库
$dsn_slave = 'mysql:host=从数据库IP;dbname=数据库名';
$username_slave = '用户名';
$password_slave = '密码';
$pdo_slave = new PDO($dsn_slave, $username_slave, $password_slave);

// 设置读写分离
function executeQuery($sql, $params = [], $is_write = false) {
    global $pdo_master, $pdo_slave;
    $pdo = $is_write ? $pdo_master : $pdo_slave;
    
    $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql);
    $stmt->execute($params);
    
    return $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
}

// 读操作
$sql = 'SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE 条件';
$result = executeQuery($sql, [], false);

// 写操作
$sql = 'INSERT INTO 表名 (字段) VALUES (:value)';
$params = [':value' => $value];
$result = executeQuery($sql, $params, true);

2. Off-site backup of data

In order to ensure disaster recovery backup of data, in PHP we can back up data to other geographical locations through scheduled tasks. in the storage device. The following is a simple example:

// 数据备份函数
function backupData($source_dir, $target_dir) {
    // 获取待备份的文件列表
    $files = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(
        new RecursiveDirectoryIterator($source_dir),
        RecursiveIteratorIterator::LEAVES_ONLY
    );

    // 遍历备份文件
    foreach ($files as $name => $file) {
        // 判断文件是否是正常的文件
        if (!$file->isFile() || !$file->isReadable()) {
            continue;
        }

        // 构建目标文件路径
        $target_file = $target_dir . '/' . $file->getRelativePathname();

        // 备份文件
        copy($file, $target_file);
    }
}

// 设置备份路径
$source_dir = '/待备份的目录';
$target_dir = '/备份目录';

// 执行备份
backupData($source_dir, $target_dir);

3. Redundant storage of data

Redundant storage of data can increase the reliability and availability of data. In PHP, we can achieve redundant storage of data by using different storage devices. The following is a simple example:

// 设置数据库连接
$dsn_db1 = 'mysql:host=存储设备1IP;dbname=数据库名';
$username_db1 = '用户名';
$password_db1 = '密码';
$pdo_db1 = new PDO($dsn_db1, $username_db1, $password_db1);

$dsn_db2 = 'mysql:host=存储设备2IP;dbname=数据库名';
$username_db2 = '用户名';
$password_db2 = '密码';
$pdo_db2 = new PDO($dsn_db2, $username_db2, $password_db2);

// 写操作
$sql = 'INSERT INTO 表名 (字段) VALUES (:value)';
$params = [':value' => $value];

$pdo_db1->prepare($sql)->execute($params);
$pdo_db2->prepare($sql)->execute($params);

Through the above method, we can achieve high availability and disaster recovery backup functions of data. Please adjust and expand the code accordingly according to the actual situation and specific projects to meet your own needs.

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