What are the linux shutdown and restart commands?

Linux shutdown and restart commands include shutdown, halt, poweroff, reboot and init. Detailed introduction: 1. The shutdown command is used to shut down the system safely. It can shut down at a specified time or immediately; 2. The halt command is used to shut down the system immediately. It will stop all running processes and shut down the system, but it will not shut down the system immediately. The system will be restarted; 3. The poweroff command is used to shut down the system immediately and. Turn off the power, it will stop all running processes and shut down the system and so on

In Linux system, there are various commands that can be used to shut down and restart the system . Some commonly used shutdown and restart commands are introduced below.

1. shutdown command:

The shutdown command is used to shut down the system safely. It can shut down at a specified time or immediately. The following are some common options for the shutdown command:

- `-h`: Turn off the power after shutdown.

- `-r`: Restart the system after shutting down.

- `-c`: Cancel the previously set shutdown plan.

- `-k`: Send a shutdown warning message to all logged in users, but will not actually shut down the system.

Example command:

- Shut down immediately: `shutdown -h now`

- Restart the system: `shutdown -r now`

- Specify Time shutdown: `shutdown -h 20:00` (shut down at 20:00)

- Cancel the shutdown plan: `shutdown -c`

2. halt command:

## The #halt command is used to shut down the system immediately. It stops all running processes and shuts down the system, but does not restart the system.

Example command:

- Shut down the system immediately: `halt`

3. poweroff command:

The poweroff command is used to shut down the system immediately and shut down power supply. It stops all running processes and shuts down the system, then turns off the power.

Example command:

- Immediately shut down the system and power off: `poweroff`

4. reboot command:

The reboot command is used to reboot the system . It stops all running processes and restarts the system.

Example command:

- Restart the system: `reboot`

5. init command:

The init command is used to switch the running level of the system. In some Linux distributions, you can use the init command to implement shutdown and restart operations.

Example command:

- Shut down: `init 0`

- Restart the system: `init 6`

It should be noted that when executing shutdown and Restart commands usually require root or sudo privileges. In addition, before executing shutdown and restart commands, you should ensure that all unsaved work is saved and other logged-in users are notified that the system is about to shut down or restart.

In addition to the above commands, you can also use other tools and methods to perform shutdown and restart operations, such as the shutdown button in the GUI interface, system management tools, etc. Different Linux distributions may have some specific commands or tools to perform shutdown and restart operations. You can refer to the corresponding documents or manuals to learn the specific commands and usage methods.

To sum up, commonly used shutdown and restart commands in Linux systems include shutdown, halt, poweroff, reboot and init. Through these commands, you can safely shut down or restart the system, providing a flexible way to manage the running status of the system. When using these commands, you need to exercise caution to ensure that any unsaved work is saved and to notify other users that the system is about to shut down or restart.

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