Linux SysOps SSH Tutorial: Learn step-by-step how to manage remote servers-Linux Operation and Maintenance-php.cn

Linux SysOps SSH Tutorial: Learn step-by-step how to manage remote servers

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Release： 2023-09-26 13:18:31

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Linux SysOps SSH教程：一步步学习如何进行远程服务器管理

Linux SysOps SSH Tutorial: Learn how to perform remote server management step by step, specific code examples are required

Introduction:
SSH (Secure Shell) is a A protocol for remote login and secure data transmission over the network. For Linux system administrators (SysOps), it is crucial to be proficient in the use of SSH. This article will introduce the basic concepts of SSH, as well as the steps on how to use SSH for remote server management, and provide specific code examples.

SSH Basics
SSH is an encrypted communication protocol that can securely transmit data over insecure networks.
SSH uses a public key cryptography system for authentication, which can prevent the clear text transmission of passwords.
SSH provides functions such as remote login, file transfer, and remote command execution.
Install and configure SSH server
Use the following command to install the SSH server:
```
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
```
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After the installation is complete, edit /etc /ssh/sshd_configFile configuration:

Port 22 #设置SSH服务监听的端口号
PermitRootLogin no #禁止以root用户登录
PasswordAuthentication yes #启用密码身份验证

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After saving and exiting the editor, restart the SSH service:
```
sudo service ssh restart
```
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Connect to the remote server
Use the following command on the local terminal to connect to the remote server:
```
ssh username@remote_server_ip
```
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If it is the first time to connect to the remote server, you will be prompted whether to accept the server's public key, enter yesConfirm acceptance.
Then, enter the account password for authentication.
Public key-private key authentication
Generate public key-private key pair:
```
ssh-keygen -t rsa
```
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During the generation process, you can choose whether to set password protection private key.
Upload the public key to the remote server:
```
ssh-copy-id username@remote_server_ip
```
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Next, you can use the private key for password-free authentication:
```
ssh -i /path/to/private_key username@remote_server_ip
```
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File transfer
Transfer files from local to remote server (example is to transfer local file local_file.txt to remote server):
```
scp /path/to/local_file.txt username@remote_server_ip:/path/to/remote_file.txt
```
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Download files from the remote server (the example is to download the remote server file /path/to/remote_file.txt to the local):
```
scp username@remote_server_ip:/path/to/remote_file.txt /path/to/local_file.txt
```
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Remote command execution
Execute the command on the remote server and get the output:
```
ssh username@remote_server_ip 'command'
```
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Example: View the CPU usage on the remote server:
```
ssh username@remote_server_ip 'top -n 1 | grep Cpu'
```
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Conclusion:
Through this article, we learned how to install and configure the SSH server, and how to use SSH for remote server management. SSH provides a convenient remote management tool, which can greatly improve the work efficiency of Linux system administrators. By mastering these basic knowledge and code examples, I hope readers can better understand and apply SSH technology and improve their abilities in the system management field.

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