High concurrent database access: Go WaitGroup technology on Golang

High concurrent database access: Go WaitGroup technology on Golang

Introduction:
In today's Internet era, concurrent access to the database is a very important issue . As the number of users increases, the system needs to be able to handle requests from multiple users at the same time, and database access is often one of the efficiency bottlenecks. In order to solve this problem, this article will introduce the use of Go WaitGroup technology in Go language to achieve high concurrent database access. At the same time, specific code examples will be provided so that readers can better understand and apply this technology.

1. Challenges of concurrent database access
   In traditional single-threaded database access, each request is processed sequentially. When the number of system users increases, the waiting time for requests will also become longer, resulting in a decrease in system performance. In order to solve this problem, requests can be processed concurrently to improve the concurrency of the system. However, since database access is a resource competition issue, thread safety needs to be ensured, otherwise data errors or system crashes will result.
2. Go WaitGroup technology in Go language
   Go language provides a convenient concurrency primitive Go WaitGroup, which can be used to control the execution of concurrent threads. WaitGroup maintains a counter internally to record the number of threads that need to wait. When a thread starts executing, the counter is incremented by 1; when a thread completes execution, the counter is decremented by 1. Only when the counter reaches 0 can all threads continue execution. This ensures that all concurrent requests are processed correctly.
3. Sample code for high concurrent database access
   Now let us use an example to demonstrate how to use Go WaitGroup technology to achieve high concurrent database access in the Go language.

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "fmt"
    "sync"
)

func main() {
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/mydb")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Failed to connect to the database:", err)
        return
    }

    defer db.Close()

    wg := sync.WaitGroup{}

    for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
        wg.Add(1)
        go func(id int) {
            defer wg.Done()

            // 执行数据库查询或插入操作
            // ...

        }(i)
    }

    wg.Wait()
    fmt.Println("All queries completed")
}

In the above code, we use the sync.WaitGroup type wg to track all concurrent goroutines. Within the loop, we increment the counter by calling wg.Add(1) and perform database operations in a new goroutine using the go keyword. After each goroutine is executed, the counter value is decremented by calling wg.Done().

In this way, we can start multiple goroutines at the same time and wait for all goroutines to be executed before continuing. This achieves high concurrent database access.

Conclusion:
This article introduces the method of using Go WaitGroup technology to achieve high concurrent database access in Go language. We illustrate the challenges of concurrent database access and show specific Go language example code. By using Go WaitGroup technology, we can easily control the execution of concurrent threads, thereby improving the concurrency and performance of the system.

It is worth mentioning that the sample code in this article is for reference only and cannot be used directly in a production environment. In practical applications, other factors such as connection pools, retry mechanisms, error handling, etc. also need to be considered. We hope that readers can gain an in-depth understanding of Go WaitGroup technology through the introduction of this article and apply it to their actual projects to achieve more efficient database access.

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