Building secure and reliable network applications: Architectural design of Nginx Proxy Manager

Building safe and reliable network applications: Architectural design of Nginx Proxy Manager

Abstract:
In today's Internet era, the security and reliability of network applications are crucial important. In order to achieve this goal, Nginx Proxy Manager (hereinafter referred to as NPM) came into being. This article will introduce the architectural design of NPM, including the separation of the proxy layer and the management layer, load balancing and security policies, and provide relevant code examples.

1. Introduction
The security and reliability of network applications are the goals pursued by all developers in the Internet era. NPM, as a high-performance reverse proxy solution, can help us achieve this goal. Its architectural design gives NPM the advantages of flexibility, scalability, and high availability, making it an ideal choice for building safe and reliable network applications.

2. NPM architecture design principles
1. Separation of agent layer and management layer
In order to ensure the security and reliability of the system, NPM adopts an architectural design that separates the agent layer and management layer. The proxy layer is responsible for receiving and processing client requests, while the management layer is used to configure and monitor the proxy layer. This separation can effectively improve the security of the system and prevent the proxy layer from being directly exposed to the public network.

2. Load balancing
As a high-performance reverse proxy solution, NPM needs to have load balancing capabilities. By distributing requests to multiple proxy servers, reasonable distribution of network traffic can be achieved and system performance and availability can be improved. NPM has a built-in load balancer that can balance the load and automatically forward requests according to the set policy.

3. Security strategy
In order to protect the security of applications, NPM provides a variety of security strategies. First of all, NPM supports SSL/TLS encryption, which can encrypt the communication between the client and the proxy server to prevent data from being eavesdropped. Secondly, NPM can authenticate users accessing the proxy server and perform access control based on the user's permissions. In addition, NPM also provides DOS attack protection, IP whitelist and other functions, further improving the security of the system.

3. Architecture design and implementation
The following is a simplified NPM architecture design example:

1. Proxy layer architecture
The proxy layer is composed of multiple Nginx servers. These servers pass Load balancer management. The architectural design of the proxy layer should be kept as simple as possible to quickly forward requests to the back-end application server. The following is a simplified Nginx configuration example:

http {
  upstream backend {
    server backend1.example.com;
    server backend2.example.com;
    server backend3.example.com;
  }

  server {
    listen 80;

    location / {
      proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
  }
}

2. Management layer architecture
The management layer consists of a web interface and a database. The web interface is used to configure proxy servers, monitor system status, etc. The database is used to store proxy server configuration information, user information, etc. The following is an example of a simplified management architecture:

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/api/proxy', methods=['POST'])
def create_proxy():
  # 解析请求参数，创建代理服务器配置
  config = parse_config(request.json)
  save_config(config)

@app.route('/api/proxy', methods=['DELETE'])
def delete_proxy():
  # 解析请求参数，删除代理服务器配置
  config_id = request.json.get('id')
  delete_config(config_id)

# 省略其他API

if __name__ == '__main__':
  app.run()

4. Summary
Nginx Proxy Manager is an architectural design solution for building safe and reliable network applications. Through its features such as separation of proxy layer and management layer, load balancing and security policies, high-performance, scalable and secure network applications can be achieved. This article provides specific code examples of NPM architecture design, hoping to help readers build safe and reliable network applications.

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