How to implement communication and data transfer between parent and child components in Vue components

Vue is a popular front-end development framework that provides many convenient functions and mechanisms to help us build reusable and efficient componentized applications. In Vue, parent-child component communication and data transfer are one of the common requirements. This article will introduce in detail how to implement communication and data transfer between parent and child components in Vue, and provide specific code examples.

In Vue, communication between parent and child components can be achieved through props and $emit methods. Props is the mechanism for parent components to pass data to child components, and the $emit method is the mechanism for child components to send messages to parent components.

First, let’s take a look at how to pass data from the parent component to the child component. Define the data that needs to be passed through the props attribute in the parent component's tag, and use the same-named attribute in the child component's tag to receive the passed data. Here is a simple example:

<!-- 父组件 -->
<template>
  <div>
    <child-component :message="message"></child-component>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import ChildComponent from './ChildComponent.vue'

export default {
  components: {
    ChildComponent
  },
  data() {
    return {
      message: 'Hello Vue!'
    }
  }
}
</script>

<!-- 子组件 -->
<template>
  <div>
    <p>{{ message }}</p>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  props: ['message']
}
</script>

In the above example, the parent component passes message data to the child component through the props attribute. Child components receive and use this data through props attributes. When the message data in the parent component changes, the child component will update the data accordingly.

Next, let’s take a look at how to send messages to the parent component in the child component. In child components, you can use the $emit method to send messages and pass data through parameters. The parent component can listen to the child component's events through the v-on directive in the child component's tag, and process the messages sent by the child component in the corresponding method.

The following is an example:

<!-- 父组件 -->
<template>
  <div>
    <child-component @message="handleMessage"></child-component>
    <p>{{ receivedMessage }}</p>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import ChildComponent from './ChildComponent.vue'

export default {
  components: {
    ChildComponent
  },
  data() {
    return {
      receivedMessage: ''
    }
  },
  methods: {
    handleMessage(message) {
      this.receivedMessage = message
    }
  }
}
</script>

<!-- 子组件 -->
<template>
  <div>
    <button @click="sendMessage">发送消息</button>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  methods: {
    sendMessage() {
      this.$emit('message', 'Hello Vue!')
    }
  }
}
</script>

In the above example, the child component sends an event named message through the $emit method and passes a parameter "Hello Vue!". The parent component listens to the message event of the child component through the v-on directive in the child component's tag, and processes the message sent by the child component in the handleMessage method.

Through the above code examples, we can see how to implement data transfer and communication between parent and child components. The parent component passes data to the child component through props, and the child component sends messages to the parent component through the $emit method. Such a mechanism allows us to flexibly manage and combine components in Vue applications to achieve better code reusability and maintainability.

To sum up, this article introduces how to implement communication and data transfer between parent and child components in Vue components, and provides specific code examples. I hope this article can help readers better understand and use the component communication mechanism in the Vue framework.

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