Common database connection and transaction processing problems and solutions in C#

Common database connection and transaction processing problems and solutions in C

#Abstract:
With the rapid development of the Internet and information technology, the use of databases is becoming more and more common. coming more and more widely. As a developer, database connections and transaction processing are essential parts when writing applications. However, there are some common issues that can arise for various reasons. This article will introduce in detail common database connection and transaction processing problems in C#, and provide solutions and corresponding code examples.

1. Database connection problem

1. Connection pool exhaustion
   When the database connection is frequently opened and closed in the program, it may cause the connections in the connection pool to be exhausted. This causes the program to be unable to connect to the database, thus throwing an exception.
   Solution:
   Use using statement block to ensure that the connection is closed in time after using it. The sample code is as follows:

using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    // 连接数据库
    connection.Open();
    
    // 执行数据库操作
    // ...
    
} // connection会自动关闭

2. Connection timeout
   When the database connection exceeds the preset time limit, a connection timeout exception may occur.
   Solution:
   You can modify the connection timeout by setting the Connection Timeout property in the connection string. The sample code is as follows:

string connectionString = "Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=MyDatabase;Integrated Security=True;Connection Timeout=30;";

3. Database connection exception
   When connecting to the database, various exceptions may occur, such as being unable to connect to the database, incorrect username or password, etc.
   Solution:
   You can capture exceptions through try-catch statement blocks and handle different exception types. The sample code is as follows:

try
{
    using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        // 连接数据库
        connection.Open();
        
        // 执行数据库操作
        // ...
        
    } // connection会自动关闭
}
catch (SqlException ex)
{
    // 处理数据库连接异常
    // ...
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
    // 处理其他异常
    // ...
}

2. Transaction processing issues

1. Transaction rollback
   When performing database update operations, abnormal situations may occur and need to be rolled back previous operations.
   Solution:
   Use transaction processing. Transactions provide a mechanism to ensure the consistency of database operations. The sample code is as follows:

using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
    connection.Open();
    
    // 开始事务
    SqlTransaction transaction = connection.BeginTransaction();
    
    try
    {
        // 执行数据库操作
        // ...
        
        // 提交事务
        transaction.Commit();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        // 发生异常，回滚事务
        transaction.Rollback();
        
        // 处理异常
        // ...
    }
}

2. Concurrency conflicts
   When multiple users modify the database at the same time, concurrency conflicts may occur.
   Solution:
   You can use optimistic locking or pessimistic locking to handle concurrency conflicts. Optimistic locking uses version numbers or timestamps to determine whether data has been modified, while pessimistic locking uses the database lock mechanism to ensure the integrity of transactions. The specific implementation depends on the specific database and requirements.

Conclusion:
Database connection and transaction processing are very important parts of C# applications. In actual development, you may encounter various problems, such as connection pool exhaustion, connection timeout, database connection exception, etc. This article explains these common problems in detail and provides corresponding solutions and code examples. I hope this article can help readers better understand and deal with database-related issues.

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