The perfect combination of Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB: Efficiently operate and maintain PHP applications

The perfect combination of Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB: Efficient operation and maintenance of PHP applications

Introduction

With the development of cloud computing and containerization technology With rapid development, Docker has become one of the popular tools. In the development and deployment of PHP applications, using the combination of Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB can provide efficient operation and maintenance solutions. This article will introduce how to use this combination to quickly deploy and manage PHP applications, and provide specific code examples.

1. Docker Compose: A simple and efficient container orchestration tool

Docker Compose is a simple and efficient container orchestration tool that can define and manage the deployment of multiple Docker containers through a YAML file. Before using Docker Compose, we need to install Docker and Docker Compose locally. Once installed, we can create a docker-compose.yml file to define the container for our PHP application.

For example, the following is an example of a docker-compose.yml file:

version: '3'
services:
  php:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8000:80
    volumes:
      - ./src:/var/www/html
    depends_on:
      - mariadb
    links:
      - mariadb
  nginx:
    image: nginx:latest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 80:80
    volumes:
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - ./src:/var/www/html
    depends_on:
      - php
  mariadb:
    image: mariadb:latest
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=myapp
      - MYSQL_USER=myuser
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=mypassword
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/mysql

In the above example, we defined three services: php, nginx and mariadb. The php service uses our custom Dockerfile to build the container. It binds port 8000 of the host to port 80 of the container, and mounts the host's ./src directory to the container's /var/www/html directory. The nginx service directly uses the officially provided nginx image and binds port 80 of the host to port 80 of the container. It also mounts the host's ./src directory to the container's /var/www/html directory and customizes the nginx configuration through the ./nginx.conf file. The mariadb service uses the officially provided mariadb image and binds the host's 3306 port to the container's 3306 port. At the same time, we also specified the environment variables of mariadb and the mounting of volumes.

2. Nginx: High-performance Web server

Nginx is a high-performance Web server and reverse proxy server. In our PHP application, using Nginx as the front-end web server can provide faster request response speed and better concurrency processing capabilities. We can deploy and manage Nginx through Docker containers.

For example, we can deploy Nginx by defining the nginx service in the above docker-compose.yml file. At the same time, you can customize the Nginx configuration by mounting the ./nginx.conf file.

The following is a simple nginx.conf file example:

worker_processes auto;
events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    sendfile on;
    default_type application/octet-stream;
    server {
        listen 80;
        root /var/www/html;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        }
        location ~ .php$ {
            fastcgi_pass php:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
        }
    }
}

In the above example, we defined a basic Nginx server configuration. We set the root directory of Nginx to /var/www/html, specified the default index file, and configured the processing rules for PHP files. Here we forward the PHP file to the 9000 port of the PHP service through the fastcgi_pass directive.

3. MariaDB: Reliable database management system

MariaDB is a relational database management system compatible with MySQL. In our PHP application, we can use MariaDB to store and manage data. Deploying and managing MariaDB through Docker containers can provide reliable database services.

For example, deploy MariaDB by defining the mariadb service in the above docker-compose.yml file. At the same time, you can set the root password, database name, user name and password by specifying environment variables.

The above are the basic steps and example code for using Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB to efficiently operate and maintain PHP applications. By using this combination, we can quickly deploy and manage PHP applications and provide a high-performance and reliable running environment.

Summary

This article introduces how to use a combination of Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB to quickly deploy and manage PHP applications. Through concrete code examples, we show how to define and manage containers through Docker Compose's YAML files, how to use Nginx as a web server to provide better performance, and how to use MariaDB to store and manage data. By using this combination, we can easily achieve the goal of operating and maintaining PHP applications efficiently.

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