How to optimize full-text retrieval and sorting queries in PHP and MySQL through indexes?

How to optimize full-text retrieval and sorting queries in PHP and MySQL through indexes?

In developing Internet applications, full-text retrieval and sorting queries are common requirements. For query operations on large amounts of data, optimizing indexes is one of the important means to improve database performance. In the combination of PHP and MySQL, we can improve the efficiency of full-text retrieval and sorting queries through reasonable use of indexes. This article will introduce how to optimize full-text retrieval and sorting queries in PHP and MySQL through indexes, and provide some specific code examples.

1. Optimization of full-text retrieval
Full-text retrieval refers to searching for corresponding records based on keywords in text data. In MySQL, you can use the FULLTEXT index to optimize full-text search operations. The following is a simple sample code:

CREATE TABLE articles (
    id INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    title VARCHAR(255),
    content TEXT,
    FULLTEXT(title, content)
);

The above code means creating a table named articles, including three fields: id, title and content, and adding FULLTEXT indexes to title and content. Next, we can use the MATCH AGAINST statement to perform full-text search queries:

SELECT * FROM articles
WHERE MATCH(title, content) AGAINST('关键词');

where the keywords are the content to be searched. Using the MATCH AGAINST statement can effectively perform full-text search, and the use of FULLTEXT index can improve the speed of search.

2. Optimization of sorting query
In the sorting query operation, the index also plays an important role. In MySQL, you can use the ORDER BY statement to sort query results. To optimize sorting operations, indexes can be used to reduce the overhead of sorting.

For sorting of a single column, you can create an index directly on the column. The following is a simple sample code:

CREATE TABLE products (
    id INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR(255),
    price DECIMAL(10, 2),
    INDEX(price)
);

The above code means creating a table named products, including three fields: id, name and price, and adding an index to the price field. Next, we can use the ORDER BY statement to perform sorting queries:

SELECT * FROM products
ORDER BY price ASC;

Among them, ASC means sorting in ascending order. Using indexes can make sorting operations more efficient.

For sorting of multiple columns, a composite index can be created on multiple columns. The following is a simple sample code:

CREATE TABLE orders (
    id INT(11) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    customer_id INT(11) UNSIGNED,
    order_date DATE,
    amount DECIMAL(10, 2),
    INDEX(customer_id, order_date)
);

The above code means creating a table named orders, including four fields: id, customer_id, order_date and amount, and creating a composite index for the two fields customer_id and order_date. Next, we can use the ORDER BY statement to perform a compound sorting query:

SELECT * FROM orders
ORDER BY customer_id ASC, order_date DESC;

Among them, ASC means ascending order, and DESC means descending order. Sorting operations can be made more efficient using composite indexes.

Summary:
Through reasonable use of indexes, full-text retrieval and sorting queries of PHP and MySQL can be optimized, and the efficiency of database queries can be improved. In full-text retrieval, use the FULLTEXT index for keyword searches; in sorted queries, use a single column index or a composite index to reduce sorting overhead. The above are some simple sample codes. Specific optimization operations need to be adjusted and optimized based on actual needs and data structures.

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