Application cases of WebSocket in real-time game development

Application cases of WebSocket in real-time game development

Introduction:
With the continuous development of network technology, the demand for real-time games is also growing. The traditional HTTP protocol often cannot meet the requirements of immediacy and real-time performance in real-time game scenarios. As an emerging communication protocol, WebSocket has been widely used in real-time game development. This article will use specific cases and sample code to explore the application of WebSocket in real-time game development.

1. What is WebSocket
WebSocket is a full-duplex communication protocol based on TCP, which allows the establishment of a persistent connection between the server and the client and enables two-way real-time communication. Unlike the HTTP protocol, WebSocket can transmit data in both directions between the server and the client through a persistent connection, without the need to close the connection after each request like HTTP.

2. The needs of WebSocket in real-time games
Real-time games have the characteristics of high concurrency and high real-time performance. Players need to receive the operations of other players in real time and be able to send their own operations in real time. The traditional HTTP protocol cannot meet these real-time requirements, so WebSocket needs to be used to achieve real-time communication in real-time games.

3. Application cases of WebSocket in real-time games
Take "Multiplayer Battle Shooting Game" as an example to illustrate the application of WebSocket in real-time games.

1. Players enter the game room
   When players enter the game room, they need to establish a WebSocket connection with the server. After receiving the connection request, the server stores the player's WebSocket connection information for subsequent real-time communication.

Sample code:

// 客户端代码
const socket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080/game');

socket.onopen = function() {
  console.log('WebSocket连接成功');
};

socket.onmessage = function(event) {
  console.log('收到服务器消息:', event.data);
};

socket.onclose = function(event) {
  console.log('WebSocket连接关闭');
};

# 服务器端代码（Node.js）
const WebSocket = require('ws');

const wss = new WebSocket.Server({ port: 8080 });

wss.on('connection', function connection(ws) {
  console.log('有新的WebSocket连接');

  ws.on('message', function incoming(message) {
    console.log('收到客户端消息:', message);
  });

  ws.on('close', function close() {
    console.log('WebSocket连接关闭');
  });
});

2. Receive other players’ operations
   When other players send operations in the game room, after the server receives the player’s operations, Operation information needs to be sent to other players in real time.

Sample code:

// 客户端代码
socket.onmessage = function(event) {
  console.log('收到服务器消息:', event.data);

  // 处理其他玩家的操作
  handleOtherPlayerAction(event.data);
};

// 服务器端代码
wss.on('connection', function connection(ws) {
  // ...

  ws.on('message', function incoming(message) {
    console.log('收到客户端消息:', message);

    // 处理玩家的操作
    handlePlayerAction(message);

    // 将其他玩家的操作信息广播给所有连接的WebSocket客户端
    wss.clients.forEach(function each(client) {
      if (client !== ws && client.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
        client.send(message);
      }
    });
  });

  // ...
});

3. Send your own operation
   When the player performs an operation in the game, the operation information needs to be sent to the server, and the server will then send the operation Broadcast information to other players.

Sample code:

// 客户端代码
function sendAction(action) {
  socket.send(action);
}

// 玩家按下射击按钮时发送射击动作
shootButton.addEventListener('click', function() {
  sendAction('shoot');
});

// 服务器端代码
// ...

ws.on('message', function incoming(message) {
  // ...
  
  // 将其他玩家的操作信息广播给所有连接的WebSocket客户端
  wss.clients.forEach(function each(client) {
    if (client !== ws && client.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
      client.send(message);
    }
  });
});

// ...

4. Summary
As a protocol that supports full-duplex communication, WebSocket is widely used in real-time game development. Through WebSocket, players can receive other players' operations and send their own operations in real time, realizing the real-time communication requirements in real-time games. This article takes "Multiplayer Battle Shooting Game" as an example to demonstrate the application of WebSocket in real-time game development and provides corresponding code examples. I hope that through the introduction of this article, readers can better understand and apply the role of WebSocket in real-time game development.

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