Optimize network performance of Nginx load balancing

Optimizing the network performance of Nginx load balancing

Introduction:
Nginx has become a very popular open source reverse proxy server. Has very good performance. In order to further optimize the network performance of Nginx load balancing, this article will introduce some specific code examples and configuration techniques.

1. Configure keepalive
Add the following code to the Nginx configuration file:

http {
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    keepalive_requests 100000;
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Connection "";
}

This configuration will maintain a long connection between the back-end server and Nginx, so that each request does not require The connection is re-established, reducing the TCP handshake overhead and improving performance.

2. Use caching
Add the following code to the Nginx configuration file:

http {
    proxy_cache_path /path/to/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m max_size=10g inactive=60m;
    proxy_temp_path /path/to/temp;
    proxy_cache_key $scheme$proxy_host$request_uri;
 
    server {
        location / {
            proxy_cache my_cache;
            proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;
            proxy_cache_valid 404 1m;
            proxy_cache_use_stale error timeout http_502;
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

This configuration enables the caching function of Nginx and stores the response of the back-end server on the local disk. The same request can be obtained directly from the cache next time, reducing access to the backend server and improving performance.

3. Use the load balancing algorithm
Add the following code to the Nginx configuration file:

http {
    upstream backend {
        least_conn;
        server backend1.example.com;
        server backend2.example.com;
        server backend3.example.com;
    }
 
    server {
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend;
        }
    }
}

This configuration distributes requests to multiple backend servers and uses the least_conn algorithm to achieve load balancing , forwarding requests are selected based on the number of connections to the server, so that the load of each server is more evenly balanced and performance is improved.

4. Optimize TCP/IP settings
In the kernel parameters of the operating system, optimizing TCP/IP can improve the network performance of Nginx load balancing. The following parameters can be set by modifying the /etc/sysctl.conf file:

net.core.somaxconn = 65535
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 15
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536

The meaning and function of these parameters can be referred to relevant documents. By adjusting these parameters, the performance of the TCP/IP protocol stack can be improved, thereby improving Nginx Load balanced network performance.

Conclusion:
Through the above configuration and optimization, the network performance of Nginx load balancing can be further improved. Of course, the specific configuration and optimization need to be adjusted according to the actual situation, and monitoring tools can be used for performance testing and optimization. Only by comprehensively considering all aspects of hardware, network, and software configuration can you obtain the best Nginx load balancing performance. I hope the content of this article will be helpful to readers.

The above is the detailed content of Optimize network performance of Nginx load balancing. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!