Application and promotion of PSR2 and PSR4 specifications in Lumen microframework

Application and promotion of PSR2 and PSR4 specifications in Lumen micro-framework

Introduction:
With the widespread application and development of PHP language, code specifications have become Important aspects of maintaining code quality and readability. PHP FIG (PHP FIG, PHP Framework Interop Group) has created a series of best practice specifications (PSR, PHP Standards Recommendations) for PHP development, of which PSR2 and PSR4 are two important specifications. This article will focus on how to apply and promote the PSR2 and PSR4 specifications in the Lumen microframework, and provide specific code examples.

1. Application and promotion of PSR2 specification in Lumen:

1. Code style:
   PSR2 specification sets detailed requirements for code style, including indentation, line breaks, Naming etc. In the Lumen project, we can apply and promote the PSR2 specification through the following aspects:

(1) Indentation and line breaks: uniformly use four spaces for indentation, and the length of each line shall not exceed 80 characters.

Specific code examples:

<?php

namespace AppHttpControllers;

use IlluminateHttpRequest;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function index(Request $request)
    {
        // your code here
    }
}

(2) Naming convention: Use camel case naming for class names, and use lowercase letters and underscores for function names and variable names. Use {} between classes and namespaces.

Specific code example:

<?php

namespace AppServices;

use AppRepositoriesUserRepository;

class UserService
{
    protected $userRepository;

    public function __construct(UserRepository $userRepository)
    {
        $this->userRepository = $userRepository;
    }

    public function getUserById($id)
    {
        // your code here
    }
}

2. Comments:
   PSR2 specification stipulates the format and content of comments. In the Lumen project, we should develop good comment habits and use standardized comment formats.

(1) File comments: Each file should contain file comments, indicating the file's author, creation date, modification records, etc.

Specific code examples:

<?php

/**
 * UserController.php
 *
 * This file is part of the Lumen project.
 *
 * @author John Doe <john.doe@example.com>
 * @created 2022-09-01
 * @updated 2022-09-10
 */

namespace AppHttpControllers;

// ...

(2) Function comments: Each function should include function comments, indicating the function’s parameters, return value, function description, etc.

Specific code examples:

/**
 * Get user by ID.
 *
 * @param int $id User ID
 * @return array
 */
public function getUserById($id)
{
    // your code here
}

2. Application and promotion of PSR4 specifications in Lumen:

1. Directory structure:
   PSR4 specifications are proposed for automatic loading Detailed requirements. In the Lumen project, we can organize the directory structure of the code according to the PSR4 specification to improve the maintainability and scalability of the code.

Specific code examples:

│   app/
│   ├── Http/
│   │   ├── Controllers/
│   │   └── Middleware/
│   ├── Models/
│   ├── Repositories/
│   └── Services/

2. Automatic loading of namespaces and classes:
   According to the requirements of the PSR4 specification, we need to configure naming in the composer.json file The mapping relationship between space and class, and use Composer to automatically load classes.

Specific code example (composer.json):

{
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\": "app/"
        }
    }
}

Execute the following command in the terminal to update the automatic loading of the class:

composer dump-autoload

After applying the above configuration, we Classes can be referenced using the full namespace without manually introducing files.

Specific code examples:

<?php

namespace AppHttpControllers;

use AppServicesUserService;
use IlluminateHttpRequest;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    protected $userService;

    public function __construct(UserService $userService)
    {
        $this->userService = $userService;
    }

    public function index(Request $request)
    {
        // your code here
    }
}

Conclusion:
In the Lumen microframework, applying and promoting the PSR2 and PSR4 specifications can improve the code quality, readability and maintainability of the project. By using standardized coding styles and annotation specifications, developers can more easily understand and maintain code. At the same time, by organizing the code directory structure and automatic loading of configuration classes in accordance with PSR4 specifications, the scalability and reusability of the code can be improved. In actual projects, we should develop good coding habits and choose appropriate specifications to apply and promote based on the actual situation.

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