How to improve multi-language query and high-performance sorting of PHP and MySQL through indexes?

How to improve the multi-language query and high-performance sorting of PHP and MySQL through indexes?

When developing a multilingual website, multilingual query and sorting operations are often required. PHP and MySQL are commonly used development languages ​​and databases. How to improve multi-language query and high-performance sorting through indexing has become a key issue. This article explains how to optimize and speed up these operations with specific code examples.

1. Use appropriate character sets and collation rules

In MySQL, it is very important to choose the appropriate character set and collation rules. For multi-language support, the utf8mb4 character set should be chosen, which supports a wider range of Unicode characters. The proofreading rules also need to be selected according to different languages, such as utf8mb4_unicode_ci or utf8mb4_general_ci.

In PHP, use appropriate character encoding settings, such as utf8 or utf8mb4, to ensure consistency with the database character set.

2. Use full-text index

For multi-language queries, you can use MySQL's full-text index function, which can provide faster search and matching efficiency. When creating a table, set the field to be searched to a full-text index type, such as FULLTEXT.

Sample code:

CREATE TABLE articles (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    title VARCHAR(255),
    content TEXT,
    FULLTEXT(title, content)
);

Query using full-text index:

SELECT * FROM articles WHERE MATCH (title, content) AGAINST ('keyword');

3. Add index

In order to improve query performance, you can Add indexes to fields that require frequent queries. For multilingual queries, the appropriate index type can be selected based on factors such as field length and query frequency. For text fields, you can use prefix indexes or full-text indexes.

Sample code:

ALTER TABLE articles ADD INDEX idx_title (title(10));

When executing a query statement in PHP, you can use the EXPLAIN keyword to analyze the execution plan of the query statement to determine whether an appropriate index is used.

4. Use the caching mechanism

For high-performance sorting operations, you can consider using the caching mechanism to improve performance. For example, caching query results in memory can be achieved by using an in-memory database such as Redis or Memcached.

Sample code:

$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('127.0.0.1', 6379);

$key = 'articles_by_date';
$articles = $redis->get($key);

if ($articles === false) {
    // 从数据库中查询数据并存入缓存
    $articles = $db->query('SELECT * FROM articles ORDER BY date DESC')->fetchAll();
    $redis->set($key, $articles);
}

// 使用缓存数据进行操作
foreach ($articles as $article) {
    // ...
}

Through a suitable caching mechanism, frequent sorting operations can be avoided and the response speed and performance of the system can be improved.

Summary:

By choosing appropriate character sets and collation rules, using full-text indexes, adding appropriate indexes, and using caching mechanisms, you can improve the multi-language query and high-performance sorting of PHP and MySQL . In actual development, based on specific needs and data types, optimization strategies combined with indexing and caching mechanisms can better meet user needs and improve system performance.

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