How to use thread functions for thread management in Java

How to use thread functions for thread management in Java

With the continuous improvement of computer processing power, multi-threaded programming is becoming more and more important. In Java, we can manage threads through thread functions. A thread function is a special function that executes in a separate running thread. This article will introduce how to use thread functions for thread management in Java and provide specific code examples.

1. Create thread function
   In Java, we can achieve multi-threaded programming by creating thread functions. Java provides two ways to create thread functions: by inheriting the Thread class and implementing the Runnable interface.

By inheriting the Thread class:

class MyThread extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        // 线程逻辑
    }
}

// 创建线程并启动
MyThread thread = new MyThread();
thread.start();

By implementing the Runnable interface:

class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
    public void run() {
        // 线程逻辑
    }
}

// 创建线程并启动
Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunnable());
thread.start();

2. Thread life cycle
   The thread will go through many This state is called the life cycle of the thread. Common thread states are: new, ready, running, blocked and terminated. We can use thread functions to manage the life cycle of threads.

class MyThread extends Thread {
    public void run() {
        try {
            // 线程逻辑
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

// 创建线程并启动
MyThread thread = new MyThread();
thread.start();

// 暂停线程
thread.sleep(1000);

// 中断线程
thread.interrupt();

// 等待线程结束
thread.join();

// 判断线程是否还在运行
boolean isRunning = thread.isAlive();

3. Thread synchronization
   In multi-thread programming, concurrent access problems to shared resources may occur. To ensure thread safety, we can use the synchronization mechanism provided by thread functions.

class Counter {
    private int count = 0;
    private Object lock = new Object();

    public void increment() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            count++;
        }
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return count;
    }
}

class MyThread extends Thread {
    private Counter counter;

    public MyThread(Counter counter) {
        this.counter = counter;
    }

    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            counter.increment();
        }
    }
}

// 创建计数器
Counter counter = new Counter();

// 创建线程并启动
MyThread thread1 = new MyThread(counter);
MyThread thread2 = new MyThread(counter);
thread1.start();
thread2.start();

// 等待线程结束
thread1.join();
thread2.join();

// 输出结果
System.out.println(counter.getCount());

4. Thread pool
   Thread pool can improve the performance and manageability of threads. In Java, we can use thread functions to create and manage thread pools.

ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
    executor.execute(new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            // 线程逻辑
        }
    });
}

// 关闭线程池
executor.shutdown();

Through the thread pool, we can reuse threads, reduce the cost of thread creation and destruction, and improve program performance.

Summary
Through thread functions, we can easily create and manage threads and implement multi-threaded programming. When writing a multi-threaded program, you need to pay attention to the life cycle and synchronization mechanism of the thread to ensure the correct execution of the thread. If you need to improve performance and manage threads, you can use a thread pool to manage thread resources. Through continuous learning and practice, we can better master the skills of using thread functions and write efficient and reliable multi-threaded programs.

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