How to create a custom scrollbar using HTML, CSS and jQuery

How to create a custom scroll bar using HTML, CSS and jQuery

In the web development process, the scroll bar is an indispensable component for Scroll web content. Although browsers already provide scroll bar styles and functions by default, sometimes we want to be able to customize the scroll bar style to suit our design needs. This article will introduce how to use HTML, CSS and jQuery to create a custom scroll bar, and provide specific code examples.

First, we need a simple HTML structure, including an area to be scrolled and a scroll bar container.

<div class="scroll-area">
  <div class="content">
    <!-- 这里是需要滚动的内容 -->
  </div>
</div>
<div class="scrollbar">
  <div class="thumb"></div>
</div>

Next, we use CSS styles to beautify the scroll bar and scroll bar container.

.scroll-area {
  width: 300px;
  height: 200px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}
.content {
  width: 100%;
  height: 1000px; /* 这里是需要滚动的内容的高度 */
}
.scrollbar {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  right: 0;
  width: 10px;
  height: 100%;
  background-color: #eee;
}
.thumb {
  width: 100%;
  height: 50px; /* 这里是滚动条的高度 */
  background-color: #999;
  cursor: pointer;
}

In this way, we have defined a basic scroll bar style.

Next, we can use jQuery to achieve the interactive effect of the scroll bar, including dragging the scroll bar to scroll the content area.

$(document).ready(function() {
  var $area = $('.scroll-area'),
      $content = $('.content'),
      $scrollbar = $('.scrollbar'),
      $thumb = $('.thumb');
  
  var contentHeight = $content.height(),
      areaHeight = $area.height(),
      scrollbarHeight = (areaHeight / contentHeight) * areaHeight,
      thumbHeight = scrollbarHeight;
  
  $thumb.height(thumbHeight);
  
  $thumb.draggable({
    axis: 'y',
    containment: 'parent',
    drag: function(event, ui) {
      var dragOffset = ui.position.top,
          scrollbarOffset = (dragOffset / areaHeight) * contentHeight;
      
      $content.css('top', -scrollbarOffset);
    }
  });
});

In this code, we determine the height of the scroll bar and the drag area by calculating the height of the content area, the height of the scroll bar container and the height of the scroll bar. Then, we use jQuery UI's draggable method to make the scroll bar draggable, and by calculating the offset of the scroll bar dragging, we set the offset of the content area to achieve the scrolling effect.

So far, we have completed the implementation of a simple custom scroll bar and provided relevant code examples through HTML, CSS and jQuery.

Please note that the code example provided in this article is just an implementation method, and you can adjust and expand it according to actual needs. I hope this article helps you understand how to create a custom scroll bar.

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