How to design a maintainable MySQL table structure to implement online booking function?

How to design a maintainable MySQL table structure to implement online booking function?

In a modern society, more and more businesses need to make reservations through online platforms. For an online booking platform, it is very important to design a maintainable MySQL table structure. This article will introduce how to design a maintainable MySQL table structure to implement the online booking function and provide specific code examples.

1. Analyze business requirements

Before designing the table structure, you first need to analyze the business requirements. In an online booking platform, there are usually the following main business objects: users, products, and orders. Based on these business objects, we can design the following tables:

• User table (user): used to store user information, such as user ID (user_id), user name (username), password (password), mobile phone number (phone_number), etc.
• Product table (product): used to store product information, such as product ID (product_id), product name (product_name), product description (description), price (price), etc.
• Order table (order): used to store order information, such as order ID (order_id), user ID (user_id), product ID (product_id), booking time (booking_time), etc.

According to actual business needs, other auxiliary tables can also be added according to actual conditions, such as user address table (user_address), product image table (product_image), etc.

2. Design table structure

According to the above business requirements, we can design the following MySQL table structure:

-- 用户表
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `user_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
  `username` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
  `password` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  `phone_number` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '手机号',
  PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`),
  UNIQUE KEY `username_UNIQUE` (`username`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- 商品表
CREATE TABLE `product` (
  `product_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',
  `product_name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品名称',
  `description` TEXT COMMENT '商品描述',
  `price` DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL COMMENT '价格',
  PRIMARY KEY (`product_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

-- 订单表
CREATE TABLE `order` (
  `order_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED AUTO_INCREMENT NOT NULL COMMENT '订单ID',
  `user_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT '用户ID',
  `product_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT '商品ID',
  `booking_time` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '预订时间',
  PRIMARY KEY (`order_id`),
  KEY `fk_order_user_idx` (`user_id`),
  KEY `fk_order_product_idx` (`product_id`),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_order_user` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`user_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_order_product` FOREIGN KEY (`product_id`) REFERENCES `product` (`product_id`) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

In the above code example, we use The InnoDB engine is installed and the appropriate character set is set. At the same time, foreign key constraints are used to ensure data integrity.

3. Table relationship design

In the MySQL table structure, the connection between different tables is established through table relationships. In the above table structure, the relationship between the user table (user) and the product table (product) is a "one-to-many" relationship, that is, one user can correspond to multiple orders. Therefore, we use the user ID (user_id) as a foreign key in the order table (order) to establish the relationship between the user table and the order table.

4. Index design

In order to improve query efficiency, we can design appropriate indexes. In the above table structure, we set a unique index for the username field of the user table, and set ordinary indexes for the user ID (user_id) field and product ID (product_id) field of the order table.

-- 为用户表的用户名字段设置唯一索引
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `username_UNIQUE` ON `user` (`username`);

-- 为订单表的用户ID字段设置普通索引
CREATE INDEX `fk_order_user_idx` ON `order` (`user_id`);

-- 为订单表的商品ID字段设置普通索引
CREATE INDEX `fk_order_product_idx` ON `order` (`product_id`);

The design of indexes needs to be weighed based on actual query requirements and data volume to avoid too many or too few indexes.

Summary:

Designing a maintainable MySQL table structure to implement the online booking function requires starting from business needs, reasonably dividing tables and establishing relationships between tables, and taking into account the design of indexes. Improve query efficiency. This article takes an online booking platform as an example to introduce how to design the table structure and provide specific code examples. I hope that through the introduction of this article, readers can better understand how to design a maintainable MySQL table structure to implement online booking functions.

The above is the detailed content of How to design a maintainable MySQL table structure to implement online booking function?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!