Sharing project experience of implementing sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion through MySQL development

Sharing project experience of implementing sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion through MySQL development

Introduction:
With the advent of the big data era, the amount of data is exploding Rapid growth has made traditional stand-alone databases unable to meet business needs. In order to solve the performance problems of data storage and query, sharding databases, sharding tables and horizontal expansion have become very popular technologies nowadays. This article will share some project experiences of implementing sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion through MySQL development, hoping to inspire developers who also face this challenge.

1. Background introduction
Our team is the technical department of an e-commerce platform. As the number of platform users continues to grow, our database gradually faces a performance bottleneck. After discussion and research, we decided to use the solution of sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion to solve this problem.

2. Sub-database and table scheme

1. Database split
   Our primary goal is to split the original single database and single table into multiple databases and multiple tables , to improve the concurrent processing capability of the database. We put user information, product information, order information, etc. into different databases according to business characteristics, achieving horizontal segmentation of the database.
2. Table split
   In each database, we horizontally split the large table into multiple smaller tables. We divide the data into different tables based on unique identifiers such as user ID, product ID, order ID, etc. This can evenly distribute data in multiple tables and avoid the problem of excessive data volume in a single table.

3. Horizontal expansion strategy
In order to further improve the processing capabilities of the database, we have adopted the following horizontal expansion strategy:

1. Database read and write separation
   We Offload most of the read operations to the read-only database, thereby reducing the burden on the main database. By configuring MySQL's master-slave replication, the data of the master database is copied to multiple read-only databases in real time, achieving read-write separation.
2. Data Sharding
   We adopt a sharding strategy to horizontally split data into multiple servers. Simply put, each shard server is responsible for processing a portion of the data. In this way, each shard server only needs to process the data it is responsible for, which greatly improves the processing performance of the entire system.

4. Project implementation process
In the process of implementing sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion, we encountered some challenges and difficulties. The following is some of our experience sharing:

1. Project Planning
   Before the project starts, we need to develop a detailed project planning and implementation plan. This includes database splitting plans, table sharding strategies, horizontal expansion plans, etc. Reasonable planning can detect problems in advance and reduce later adjustments and corrections.
2. Data migration
   Data migration is a very important part of the entire project. We adopted a gradual migration method, first migrating some data to the new database and tables, and then switching the system to use the new database configuration after all data was successfully migrated. This ensures a smooth transition of the system and minimizes user impact.
3. Code transformation
   Due to changes in the database structure, we need to transform the original code accordingly. We use the ORM framework to handle database reading and writing, and decouple the data access layer from changes in the database structure by modifying the corresponding mapping configuration and SQL statements.
4. Data consistency issue
   In the environment of sub-database and sub-table, data consistency is an important issue. We solve this problem by introducing a distributed transaction framework at the application layer. This ensures that data operations between multiple databases are consistent and avoids the risk of data confusion and data loss.

5. Summary and Outlook
Sharing project experience through MySQL development to achieve sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion. We found that this is a very effective solution that can significantly improve database processing. capabilities and performance. However, we also encountered some technical challenges and difficulties during the implementation process, which required careful planning and careful execution. In the future, we will continue to optimize this solution and further improve the scalability and performance of the system.

Through this project, we have also learned many valuable experiences and lessons. We believe that these experiences will also be helpful to other developers facing similar problems. Sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion are a process of continuous exploration and improvement. We should maintain a learning attitude and constantly adapt to new technologies and challenges. I believe we will be able to do better in big data processing in the future!

The above is the detailed content of Sharing project experience of implementing sub-database, sub-table and horizontal expansion through MySQL development. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!