Git branch management strategy practical experience sharing

Git branch management strategy practical experience sharing

Git is one of the most popular distributed version control systems at present. It provides a wealth of branch management functions to enable teams to Collaborative development is more efficient. In actual projects, a reasonable branch management strategy is crucial to the stability and maintainability of the code. This article will share some practical experience and strategies about Git branch management.

1. Main branch and development branch

The main branch (master) is the stable branch of the project and is used to store officially released code. At the beginning of the project, we need to create a master branch and commit the initial code of the project into this branch. All other branches are created and merged from the master branch.

The development branch (develop) is a branch used to develop new features or fix bugs. At the beginning of the project, we need to create a development branch from the master branch and use develop as the starting point for development work. During the development process, we will continue to submit new code to the development branch. The advantage of this is to maintain the stability of the main branch and reduce the impact of unstable code.

2. Feature branches and bug fix branches

Feature branches are branches used to develop new features. Each new feature should be developed on a separate branch to prevent code conflicts between different features. When feature development is complete, we can merge the feature branch into the development branch.

For bug fixes, we can also create an independent branch. When a bug is found, we can create a bug fix branch from the development branch and work on the fix on that branch. Once the fix is ​​complete, we can merge the bug fix branch back into the development branch and the master branch.

3. Long-term branches and temporary branches

In addition to the main branch, development branch, feature branch and bug fix branch, sometimes we also need to create some long-term branches and temporary branches. Handle special situations.

Long-term branches are generally used to maintain different versions of code. When a project requires different versions, or needs to support different customer customizations, we can create different long-term branches to manage these codes. Persistent branches should strictly control modifications and only accept merge requests for bug fixes.

Temporary branches refer to branches created under certain circumstances, such as emergency repairs, testing, etc. When some temporary operations need to be performed, we can create a temporary branch to perform these operations. Once complete, we can merge the temporary branch back into the appropriate branch.

4. Submission specifications and merge strategies

In Git branch management, good submission specifications and merge strategies are very important. For each submission, we should provide clear and concise submission information so that others can understand it. In addition, we can also use Git's rebase and squash functions to merge commits and keep the commit history clean and readable.

When merging branches, we should choose the appropriate merge strategy according to the situation. For development branches and feature branches, we can use the fast-forward strategy. For long-term branches and main branches, we can use a non-fast merge strategy, which can preserve branch history and facilitate traceability and rollback.

5. Continuous integration and automated deployment

In order to better manage branches and ensure code quality, we should use continuous integration tools (such as Jenkins) and automated deployment processes. Through continuous integration, we can run automated tests after each code submission to discover and fix problems in a timely manner. Through automated deployment, we can quickly deploy code to the production environment and accelerate the release process.

Summary:

The above is the sharing of practical experience in Git branch management. A reasonable branch management strategy can improve team collaboration efficiency, code quality, and project maintainability. Although Git provides rich branch management functions, in actual application it needs to be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation of the project. I hope this article will inspire and help readers in Git branch management.

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