How Nginx implements SSL/TLS configuration

How Nginx implements SSL/TLS configuration requires specific code examples

In today's era when information security is becoming more and more important, website encryption has become an important issue to protect user privacy and data integrity. important means. As the most commonly used encryption protocol at present, the SSL/TLS protocol can ensure the security of data during transmission. As a powerful web server, Nginx can also implement encrypted transmission of websites through SSL/TLS configuration. This article will introduce in detail how Nginx implements SSL/TLS configuration and provide specific code examples.

First, we need to install the Nginx software on the server, and then perform the corresponding SSL/TLS configuration in the configuration file. The following is a basic Nginx SSL/TLS configuration example:

server {
    listen 443 ssl;

    server_name yourdomain.com;

    ssl_certificate /path/to/your.ssl.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/your.ssl.key;

    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA:TLSv1.2:!ADH';

    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 10m;

    location / {
        # 其他相关配置
    }
}

In the above configuration, we first use the listen 443 ssl; directive to define Nginx to listen to the 443 port and enable SSL. Then use the ssl_certificate and ssl_certificate_key directives to specify the paths to the SSL certificate and private key respectively. Then use the ssl_protocols directive to specify the version of the SSL/TLS protocol, the ssl_ciphers directive to specify the priority of the encryption algorithm, and the ssl_session_cache and ssl_session_timeout directives. To configure SSL session caching.

In addition to the basic SSL/TLS configuration, we can also further configure the optimization parameters of the SSL certificate, HTTPS redirection, etc. The following is a complete Nginx SSL/TLS configuration example, including the optimization parameters and HTTPS redirection mentioned above:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name yourdomain.com;

    ssl_certificate /path/to/your.ssl.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/your.ssl.key;

    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA:TLSv1.2:!ADH';

    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 10m;

    # 开启OCSP Stapling
    ssl_stapling on;
    ssl_stapling_verify on;
    resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s;
    resolver_timeout 10s;

    location / {
        # 其他相关配置
    }
}

In the complete SSL/TLS configuration example, we also use return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri; Implemented the redirection of HTTP requests to HTTPS, and added support for OCSP Stapling.

It should be noted that the SSL certificate, private key path and domain name in the above examples need to be changed according to the actual situation. In addition, when configuring SSL/TLS, you need to pay attention to protecting the security of the certificate and private key files to avoid leakage or tampering.

In short, through the above example code, readers can understand how to implement SSL/TLS configuration in Nginx, and can make corresponding customized configurations according to the actual situation to ensure the safe transmission of website data. I hope this article can help readers who are interested in Nginx SSL/TLS configuration. I also hope that everyone can pay attention to the encryption security of the website and protect user privacy and data security.

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